Cc 306 Exam 3: Respiratory System-Anatomic Terms

Front 1

nose

Back 1

structure that warms, moistens, and filters air as it enters the respiratory tract; aslo houses the olfactory receptors for the sense of smell

Front 2

sinuses

Back 2

air-filled spaces in the skull that open into the nasal cavity

Front 3

palate

Back 3

roof of the mouth; partition between the oral and nasal cavities; divided into the hard and soft palate

Front 4

hard palate

Back 4

bony anterior (front) portion of the palate

Front 5

soft palate

Back 5

muscular posterior (back) portion of the palate

Front 6

pharynx

Back 6

throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and for air to the larynx

Front 7

nasopharynx

Back 7

part of the pharynx directly behind the nasal passages

Front 8

oropharynx

Back 8

central portion of the pharynx between the roof of the mouth ad the upper edge of the epiglottis

Front 9

laryngopharynx

Back 9

lower part of the pharynx, just below the oropharyngeal opening into the larynx and esophagus

Front 10

tonsils

Back 10

oval lymphatic tissues on each side of the pharynx that filter air to protect the body from bacterial invasion; also called palatine tonsils

Front 11

adenoid

Back 11

lymphatic tissue on the back of the pharynx behind the nose; also called pharyngeal tonsil

Front 12

uvula

Back 12

small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate; named for its grape-like shape

Front 13

larynx

Back 13

voice box; passageway for air moving from the pharynx to the trachea; contains the vocal cords

Front 14

glottis

Back 14

opening between the vocal cords in the larynx

Front 15

epiglottis

Back 15

a lid-like structure that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway

Front 16

trachea

Back 16

windpipe; passageway for air from the larynx to the area of the carina, where it splits into the right and left bronchi

Front 17

bronchial tree

Back 17

branched airways that lead from the trachea to the microscopic air sacs called alveoli

Front 18

right bronchus and left bronchus

Back 18

two primary airways branching from the area of the carina into the lungs

Front 19

bronchioles

Back 19

progressively smaller tubular branches of the airways

Front 20

alveoli

Back 20

thin-walled, microscopic air sacs that exchange gases

Front 21

lungs

Back 21

two spongy organs in the thoracic cavity enclosed by the diaphragm and rib cage; responsible for respiration

Front 22

lobes

Back 22

subdivisions of the lung, with two on the left and three on the right

Front 23

pleura

Back 23

membranes enclosing the lung (visceral pleura) and lining the thoracic cavity (parietal pleura)

Front 24

pleural cavity

Back 24

potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura

Front 25

diaphragm

Back 25

muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and that moves upward and downward to aid in respiration

Front 26

mediastinum

Back 26

partition that separates the thorax into two compartments (containing the right and left lungs) and that encloses the heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland

Front 27

mucous membranes

Back 27

thin sheets of tissue that line respiratory passages and secrete mucus, a viscid (sticky) fluid

Front 28

cilia

Back 28

hair-like processes from the surface of epithelial cells, such as those of the bronchi, to move mucous cell secretions upward

Front 29

parenchyma

Back 29

functional tissues of any organ, such as the tissues of the bronchioles, alveoli, ducts and sacs, that perform respiration