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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Chemical Warfare?
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The employment of chemical agents that are intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate personnel due to their physiological effect
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What are the types of Chemical Agents?
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1- Nerve
2- Blister 3- Blood 4-Choking |
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What are Nerve Agents?
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Agents that disrupt nerve impulses
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Types of Nerve Agents
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Sarin (GB)
Tabun (GA) Soman (GD) VX |
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What are Blister Agents?
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Agents that cause inflammation, blisters and general destruction of tissues
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Types of Blister Agents
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Distilled Mustard (HD)
Lewisite (L) Phosgene Oxime (Cx) Levinstein Mustard (HL) |
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What are Blood Agents?
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Agents that attack the enzymes carrying oxygen in the blood stream
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Types of Blood Agents
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Hydrogen Cyanide (AC)
Cyanogen Chloride (CK) Arsine (SA) |
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What are Choking Agents?
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Gas or liquid agents that cause tears, dry throat, nausea, vomiting, and headache
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Types of Choking Agents
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Phosgene and Diphosgene
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What is M9 Chemical Agent Detector Paper?
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Detects the presence of liquid chemical agents and turns red or reddish color
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What is an Atropine/2-PAM-chloride Auto Injector?
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Used as specific therapy for nerve agents
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What is Biological Warfare?
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The use of agents to cause disease, sickness, or death
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How many divisions of Biological Agents are there and what are they?
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2 basic divisions: Pathogens and Toxins
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Give an example of a pathogen
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Bacteria
Rickettsia Viruses Fungi Protozoa Prions |
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Give examples of Toxins
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Animal venom
Plant toxins Bacterial toxins |
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What is IPE?
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Individual Protective Equipment
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What is the primary way to limit the chemical and biological warfare impact?
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Training and awareness of personnel
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What does IPE for chemical/biological agent enviroments consist of ?
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1. Protective mask (MCU-2P) with canister (C-2 canister filter)
2. ACPG- Advanced Chemical Protective Garment (suit) 3. Gloves and liners 4. Overboots and laces 5. Skin decontamination kit |
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What is Radiological Warfare?
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The deliberate use of radiological weapons to produce widespread injury and death of all life
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What are the types of Nuclear Explosions?
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1. High Altitude air burst
2. Air Burst where fireball does not reach the surface 3. Surface burst 4. Shallow Underwater burst 5. Deep Underwater burst |
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What is a High altitude air burst?
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Occurs in altitudes in excess of 100,000 feet and an electromagnetic pulse
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What is significant of an airburst where the fireball does not reach the surface?
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It creates a vacuum where it collects debris resulting in radiation fallout
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What is significant about a Surface Burst?
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It has the worst fallout due to the fireball touching the surface which results in massive radioactive fallout
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Describe a shallow underwater burst?
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It has a small fireball and blast wave but it causes large waves and water contamination
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Describe a deep underwater burst
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It is similar to a shallow underwater burst but with less visual effect and yields greater contaminated water
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What are the types of shipboard shielding stations?
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Ready-shelter stations
Deep-shelter stations |
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Describe a Ready-Shelter station
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They are just inside the weather envelope with access to deep shelter.
Provide minimum shielding but allow crew to be close to battle stations |
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Describe a Deep-Shelter station
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They are low in the ship and near the centerline.
Provide maximum shielding but often requiere personnel to far removed from battle stations |
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What is a DT-60 dosimeter?
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A non-self reading high range casualty dosimeter that determines the total amt of gamma radiation
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What is MOPP?
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A management tool that is used to coordinate the use of systems and equiment in a chemical or biological environment.
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How many levels of MOPP are there?
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5 levels (0-4)
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MOPP Level 0
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Issue IPE
Accessible within 5 minutes |
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MOPP Level 1
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Afloat: JSLIST, MASK and gloves are readily accessible
Ashore: Don protective equipment, M9 tape |
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MOPP Leve; 2
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Afloat: Mask carried, decon supplies stage
Ashore: Addtl to L1- don protective overboots |
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MOPP Level 3
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Afloat: GQ, install filters, don over-boots
Ashore: Fill canteens, activate decon stations |
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MOPP Level 4
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Afloat: Don mask/hood, gloves, Circle William, countermeaseure washdown
Ashore: gloves with liners , untie bow in retention cord, loop between legs and secure to web belt |
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Describe Nerve agent odor
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None or faint sweetness, fruity or paint like
Vx- None |
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Describe Blister agent odor
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Garlic or horseradish,
irritating Nitrogen Mustard- none, fishy or irritating |
