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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the "smiley" muscle?
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Zygomaticus
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What is the 'frowning eye' muscle?
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Corrugator supercilli
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What is the muscle in the forhead used during suprise?
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Frontalis
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What is the superficial neck muscle?
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Platysma
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What are the two types of Reflex Archs?
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Polysynaptic Arch and Monosynaptic Arch
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Explain and draw a Polysynaptic Arch
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sensory neuron (unipolar) synapses with interneuron, which synapses with another neuron that innervates the effector. More than one synapse.
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Explain and draw a Monosynaptic Arch
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Sensory neuron (unipolar) that is has an elongated axon synapses with a neuron that innervates the effector.
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What is an effector?
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The tissue (whether muscle or organ) that is the target for a neural impulse.
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What is the location of soma of sensory neurons?
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Dorsal root ganglion
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What is the location of soma of interneurons?
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Dorsal horn of gray matter
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What is the location of soma of motor neurons (somatic)?
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Ventral horn of gray matter
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What is the location of soma of preganglionic sympathetic motor neurons?
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Lateral horn of gray matter
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What is the location of soma of postganglionic sympathetic motor neurons?
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Sympathetic ganglia close to CNS
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Draw and label a cross-section of thoracolumbar spinal cord.
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Labels: Dorsal sulcus, Ventral fissure, Central canal, Dorsal root ganglion, dorsal horn of gray matter, lateral horn of gray matter, ventral horn of gray matter, dorsal root, ventral root, spinal nerve, white matter, afferent neuron, interneuron, efferent neruron
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What are neurofibrils?
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cytoskeleton of the neuron. made up of microtubules, microfiliments and intermediate filaments
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What protein abnormality causes neurofibrillary tangles?
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Tau (MAPT)
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What is the normal function of the tau protein?
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to stabilize the microtubules in the somal and the axons
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What are neurofibrillary tangles?
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Microtubules in the cell (intercellular) that become stuck together
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What is senile plaque?
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Extracellular tangles of Amaloid beta (A beta) proteins inbetween neurons
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Sketch and label the origin of extracellular senile plaque
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Labels: Phospolipid bilayer of PM of neuron, integrated protein: amyloid precursor protein (APP), Beta secretase enzyme, gamma secretase enzyme, Amaloid Beta (A-beta)
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What are the spaces in between myelinating cells called?
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Nodes of Ranvier
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What are myelinating cells in the PNS called?
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Schwann cells
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What are myelinating cells in the CNA called?
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Oligodendrocytes
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Explain Saltatory conduction
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Nerve impulses leap from node to node. Saltatory="to leap"
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