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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe Humean Regularity Theory |
A cause is an object, followed by another, where all the objects similar to the first are followed by objects similar to the second. |
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What is an NS-condition? |
A is an NS-condition for B if it is a necessary part of a sufficient condition for B. |
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Describe the Modified Regularity Theory |
c is a cause of e iff: 1) e succeeds c in time 2) the occurence of c is an NS-condition for the occurence of e |
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Define causal dependence |
Event e causally depends on event c if e and c are actually occuring distinct events, and if c hadn't occured, e wouldn't have occured. |
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What is the simple counterfactual theory? |
c is a cause of e iff e causally depends on c |
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Describe Lewis's counterfactual theory |
c is a cause of e iff there is a causal chain from c to e |
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What is early preemption? |
In a case of early preemption, two (or more) events could have been the cause, but one of them happening stops the other from happening. |
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What is late preemption? |
All events that are possible causes happen, but one of them goes faster, is more efficient, etc. than the others and thus preempts their effects. |
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What is trumping preemption? |
No intermediate steps, no difference in timing. Example: the light turns green as an ambulance arrives behind me. I drive forward. Which one was the cause? |
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Under which conditions can we say that an object travels in time? |
An object travels in time iff “the separation in time between [its] departure and arrival does not equal the duration of [its] journey.”
David Lewis |
