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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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catullus full name
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gaius valerius catullus
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catullus' life span
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84-54 bc
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in what time period did catullus live
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first triumverate, then civil war. against this violent background that catullus did his poetry
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where was he born
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verona (cisalpine gaul)
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was catullus' family wealthy?
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wealthy enough to associate with caesar
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where did catullus move and why
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moved to rome to enjoy cosmopolitan atmosphere
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what did catullus become a member of and what did they do
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neoterics (new poets). brought to roman literature an infusion of greek (alexandrian) poetic principles
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who were the neoterics influenced by and what did he do
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callimachus- short but elegant and very learned poems
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why did he call her lesbia
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to associate with sappho, due to their both being docta (educated and cultured) sappho was from lesbos
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who was lesbia?
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clodia. wife of quintus metellus celer, governor of cisalpine gaul
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who was lesbia's brother?
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publius clodius, role in downfall of republic
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what ended up happening with them (catullus and lesbia)
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hoped with death of metullus they would be together but she became involved with caelius rufus
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what happened with clodia and caelius rufus?
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things ended badly and she filed charges against him accusing him of vis (extreme political violence) and attempted murder. cicero then gave the pro caelio and destroyed clodia's credibility
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what other loss besides clodia affected catullus?
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his brother in the troad of asia minor... historians date this around 57-56 bc when catullus joined staff of gaius memmius, governor of bithynia
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who were some of catullus friends written about in his poems? did he write about his enemies?
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veranius, calvus and fabullus, and yes
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what were some of the themes in his poetry?
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good/bad writing, marriage, travel, bad manners/habits
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what does the minimalist position say about the meaning of the libellus
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that it was only poems 1-14
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the other far position about the meaning of the libellus
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that it was 1-116 and arranged by catullus
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what is the moderate position on the libellus?
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poems 1-51 or 1-60
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how do the poems fall?
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by meter and length. 1-60 short pieces composed in a variety of lyric meters, most often hendecasyllabic. 61-68 are the long poems. 69-116 are epigrams written in elegiac meter
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who were some of catullus' friends? (2)
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calvus, cinna, caecilius
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why (poetically) did he call lesbia lesbia?
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fit meter with clodia
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what was clodius' full name?
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publius clodius pulcher
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who was clodius pulcher against
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cicero
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venustus
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charming
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facetiae
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wit
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urbanus
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sophisticated
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invenustus
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uncharming
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infacetus
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witless
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rus
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countryside
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which poems may have not been written by catullus?
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18-20
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what was horace's full name
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quintus horatius flaccus
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when was horace born
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december 8 65 vc
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where was horace born
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venusia
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was horace wealthy? how did he come to rome?
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no. his father was a freedman and took him to rome for an education
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where did horace persue his studies
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athens
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what movement did horace get swept up in in athens?
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anti-caesar, anti-dictatorial republican party, joined brutus and cassius who had fled to greece following assassination of caesar
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what was horace's job when he returned to rome
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recordkeeper for the quaestors
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when did horace's fortune improve?
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in 39 bc when vergil introduced him to maecenas. maecenas was impressed by horace's literary promice and invited him to join his group and gave him the sabine farm, to write poetry
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what were the 5 things that horace devoted himself to?
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epodes, satires, odes, letters, and art of poetry
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when were the odes published
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first three in 23 bc, the fourth ten years later
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what were done in the odes
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poetic forms and themes of sappho, alcaeus and pindar to latin poetry
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who founded stoicism
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zeno
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what did zeno stress in stoicism
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civic and political commitment and inner discipline that helped free one from the fluctuations and uncertainties of daily life
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who created epicureanism?
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epicurus
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what did epicurus stress in epicureanism
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emphasis on pursuit of moderate, not excessive, pleasure through satisfaction of basic needs and avoidance of pain
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diff b.w stoicism and epicureanism?
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epicurus retreated to his famous garden to spend time talking and living among a close circle of friends while zeno taught in a public place
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epicureanism in horace's work?
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creatures of the day who dissolve into nothingness come death. gods exist, but outside human realm and do not interfere. gods are literary mythology and not real gods for horace. we have some control over immediate circumstances of life but there is an unknown design (necessity, fortune, jupiter) that shape our lives. SO must not worry about futurelife/afterlife and sieze the moment
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who educated horace in rome?
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orbilius
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when did horace die?
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november 27, 8 bc
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who first introduced satire?
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ennius
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what others produced satire?
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lucilius, horace, persius, and juvenal
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who did horace say was the father of satire?
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lucilius
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why did horace accuse lucilius?
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too rough, too hasty and not careful enough
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writings of horace fall into two groups:
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odes and epodes AND satires and epistles
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persius
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he has restraint
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juvenal
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anger and outrage at human folly and excess in a political climate
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roman satire unifying elements
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presence of a recognizable poetic personality, variety of subject matter, informal meter, and essential presence of criticism
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