Cataract

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any opacity in the lens

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Cataract

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most common cause of cataract

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Aging

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is one in which all of the lens protein is opaque;

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mature cataract

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cataract THAT has some transparent protein.

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immature cataract

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If the lens takes up water, it may become

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intumescent.

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cortical proteins have become liquid.

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hypermature cataract,

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A hypermature cataract in which the lens nucleus floats freely in the capsular bag is called

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a morgagnian cataract.

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are opacities in the lens cortex. Changes in the hydration of lens fibers create clefts in a radial pattern around the equatorial region. They also tend to be bilateral

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Cortical cataracts

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are located in the cortex near the central posterior capsule. They tend to cause visual symptoms earlier in their development owing to involvement of the visual axis. Common symptoms include glare and reduced vision under bright lighting conditions. This lens opacity can result also from trauma, corticosteroid use (topical or systemic), inflammation, or exposure to ionizing radiation.

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Posterior subcapsular cataracts

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Cataract is most commonly due to a foreign body injury to the lens or blunt trauma to the eyeball.

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Traumatic Cataract

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TYPE OF CATARACT WHEREIN Corticosteroids administered over a long period of time, either systemically or in drop form, can cause lens opacities. HAVE CAUSED

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Drug-Induced Cataract

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denotes opacification of the posterior capsule following extracapsular cataract extraction. Persistent subcapsular lens epithelium may favor regeneration of lens fibers, giving the posterior capsule a "fish egg" appearance (Elschnig's pearls)

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After-Cataract (Secondary Membrane)

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The generally preferred method of cataract surgery in adults and older children preserves the posterior portion of the lens capsule and thus is known as

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extracapsular cataract extraction.

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is now the most common form of extracapsular cataract extraction. It utilizes a handheld ultrasonic vibrator to disintegrate the hard nucleus such that the nuclear material and cortex can be aspirated through an incision of approximately 3 mm.

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phacoemulsification

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Lens extraction through the pars plana during posterior vitrectomy is called

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pars plana lensectomy or phacofragmentation.

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consisting of removal of the entire lens together with its capsule -rarely performed today

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Intracapsular cataract extraction,

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Partial or complete lens dislocation may be hereditary or may result from trauma.

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Dislocated Lens (Ectopia Lentis)

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Hereditary lens dislocation is usually bilateral and is commonly associated with

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homocystinuria and Marfan's syndrome

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a quivering of the iris when the patient moves the eye, is a common sign of lens dislocation and is due to the lack of lens support.

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Iridodonesis, - MAY OCCUR IN Traumatic Lens Dislocation