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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How old and where is Çatalhöyük?
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9000 b.p. in Central Turkey. It is 3x larger then Jericho
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Who is the main archaeologist working on the site?
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Ian Hodder
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Is Çatalhöyük a city?
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It is not a true city as there is no evidence of public architecture, municiple buildings, palaces, temples or gov. structures.
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Describe the site
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1. it comprises 1000 interconnected rooms.
2. The rooms are c. 25m2 with associated shrines. They are all very similar. 3. Hodder claims extended family lived in clusters of 4/5 rooms. 4. Entered rooms through doors on roof excessible by stairs. |
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What kind of economy did they have?
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mixed economy;
1. Planted wheat and barley 2. But also harvested wild plants ie. Lentils, Acorns, hackberries, pistachios and wild grasses. 3. Raised domesticated animals; primarily sheep but also cattle. |
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Was there any evidence of labour specialization?
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Little evidence of labour specialization.
1. Tremendous variation in brick and plaster composition of buildings= individually made and not mass produced or made by a specific work force. 2. Obsidian tools found in all the rooms indicating families made their own tools= no specialist tool makers. |
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Did they have a religion?
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Evidence would indicate they had some sort of belief structure;
1. 40 rooms excavated were not inhabited but ceremonial. 2. the rooms contained images of fertility goddess, sometimes giving birth, and stylized bull heads carved into the walls. 3. rooms also had images of leopards with women riders, birds and headless humans. 4. people buried under doors in their houses. No elaborate burials or grave good except babies who were buried with jewelry. 5. Lack of elaborate burials suggests also an egalitarian society. |
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What was the population size and did they have trade?
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Population was c. 10 000, and lasted for c. 1000 years.
This success is attributed to rich fertile land with abundant resources and water and also trading of Obisidian. They were located next to Konya Mountains, a rich source of Obsidian which has been found widely distributed throughout S/E Europe and W. Asia. This may have been controlled by Big Men or perhaps chiefs (Hodder) |
