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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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reduces the risk of HIV transmission to less than 10%
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Zidovudine, when started by the mother during the second trimester and given to the baby through age 6 weeks
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Diagnosis of HIV in an infant less than 18 months
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HIV-DNA-PCR
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features of LAD
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late separation of the Umbilical cord
neutrophilia |
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thymic dysgenesis can be seen in both digeorge syndrome and
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SCID
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what nonhematologic problems should be considered in a child fed goat's milk
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brucellosis
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what supplements must be given to a child fed with goat's milk
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folate, B12, Iron
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breast feeding vegan mothers are given
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B 12 to prevent the infant's developing methylmalonic acidemia
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what is hyperostosis and what is it a sideeffect of
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hypervitaminosis A it is swelling of long bones
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In rickett's what appears before the growth deformities
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elevated serum phosphatase levels
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side effect of riboflavin deficiency
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corneal vascularization, photphobia, chelosis, bronchitis.
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what is the cause? and what are the features of galactosemia?
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the cause: uridyl transfrease deficiency.
the condition results in jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, vomiting, hypoglycemia, siezures, lethargy, irritibility, poor feeding and FTT, aminoaciduria, liver failure, mental retardation, and increased risk of E coli sepsis. Children with a galactosemia are managed with a lactose free di formula like one that is soy based |
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Increased risk of E coli sepsis
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galactosemia
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useful for patients with maple syrup urine dz
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low-isoleucine, low leucine, low valine
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what would be a classic presentation of gaucher's disease
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the most common type of lysosomal storage disease predominantly found in ashkenazi jews, it usually presnts as chronic fatigue, anemia, easy bruisability in an adolescent, labs may show thrombocytopenia
diagnosis is made when erlenmyer flask deformities fo the distal femur are seen and bone marrow studies show gaucher cells |
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patients with galactokinase deficiency are asymptomatic instead of
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cataracts
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genu valgum
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knocked knees
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genu varum
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bowed leggs
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varus means the angle is pointing
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away from the midline
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what is a kasai procedure
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operative procedure in which bowel loop forms a duct to allow bile to drain from a liver with biliary atresia
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the most common form of nonnurtritional rickets is
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familial primary hypophasphatemia (X-linked dominant) in which phosphate reabsorption is defective and conversion of 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH)D in the proximal tubules of the kidneys is abnormal resulting in low 1,25 Vit D, low Ca, low Phos and elevated alk phos.
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what anticonvulsants can result in reduced Vit D
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phenobarbital and phenytoin have reduced 25(OH)D possibly as a reseult of increased cytochrome p450; treatment is with vitamin D2 and adequate dietary calcium
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what is schmid metaphyseal dysplasia
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an autosomal dominant condition, presents in a similar way with short stature, leg bowing and waddling gate...radiographs show irregular bone mineralization however there is normal serum calcium, phosphorou, and alkaline phosphatase activity.
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what is the most common long term complication of meningitis
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hearing loss
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On exam a patient who passively refuses to move the neck likely has a
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retropharyngeal abscess
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retropharyngeal infection has the potentail to spread to the
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mediastinum where impact on cardioresp function or mediastinitis could develop
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what distinguishes HIM from XLA
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the unique susceptibility to opportubistic infections and neutropenia with high IgM
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preferred agents for Stat epilepticus
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Benzodiazepines: Lorazepam / diazepam
Phenytoin / fosphenytoin Phenobarbita |
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What is the hyperoxia test?
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The hyperoxia test consists of putting the patient in 100% inspired oxygen and measuring the Po2 from an arterial blood gas (preferably obtained from the right radial artery). If the Po2 remains less than 150 mm Hg, then the child’s hypoxia is more consistent with cardiac shunting than with a pulmonary problem.
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best therapy for organophosphate poisoning
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atropine or pralidoxime
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A four-year-old child is found with a bottle of arsenic which of the following is most likely to occur
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hemorrhagic gastroenteritis with third spacing
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