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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What causes diabetes insipidus?
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Deficiency in the secretion of vasopressin or in its ability to interact normally w/receptors located in the distal & collecting tubular cells of the kidney
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What is another name for vasopressin?
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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What is vasopressin's function?
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Opens the water channels in the luminal membrane to allow water to flow in the direction of higher osmolality.
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How does vasopressin affect urine production?
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In the presence of vasopressin, urine prod. is low. In the absence of vasopressin, urine prod. is high.
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What can cause impaired vasopressin release?
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Intracranial tumor, meningioma, as a result of pituitary surgery, and other idiopathic causes
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What are the clinical signs of diabetes insipidus?
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Polyuria, polydipsia, and a near-continuous demand for water
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Is insulin deficiency related to diabetic neuropathy?
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Probably not since nerves are not dependent on insulin for glucose uptake
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Which nerves are more affected with diabetic neuropathies: motor or sensory?
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Motor
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How are neurons affected with diabetic neuropathy?
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Active axonal degeneration. Demyelination. Schwann cell injury.
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What clinical signs are associated wtih primary diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy?
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Acute or chronic onset of weakness, progressive paraparesis, proprioceptive deficits, muscle atrophy, depressed spinal & patellar reflexes, plantigrade posture,
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Of dogs and cats, who has higher risk for heartworm?
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Dogs and male cats
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Which heartworm gender gives false negatives?
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Males
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What is the first and most consistent sign of FIV infection in cats?
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Gingivitis associated with a reduction in CD4 lymphocytes, thymic atrophy, and lymph node atrophy
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If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to?
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Periodontitis
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What is the pancreas' exocrine function?
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Associated with digestion and include digestive enzymes and bicarbonate secretion
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What 2 major peptide hormones are secreted by the Islets of Langerhans?
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Insulin and glucagon
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What are the functions of the peptide hormones secreted by the Islets of Langerhans?
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Regulate glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism (endocrine functions)
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What are the 4 types of cells in the islets of langerhans and what do they each secrete?
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Alpha: glucagon
Beta: insulin Delta: somatostatin F: pancreatic polypeptides |
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How are the cells of islets of langerhans arranged?
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The central core contains mostly beta cells wtih alpha cells distributed around the outer rim. Delta cells are interposed b/w alpha & beta cells.
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