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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Because bone contains numerous types of tissue, it is classified as this.
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An organ
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The matrix of bone connective tissue is sturdy and rigid due to the deposition of minerals in the matrix, a process called
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Calcification
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What is calcification
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The process that hardens the bone
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What are the 4 major functions of the bone?
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Support and protection, movement, hemopoiesis (hematopoiesis), storage of mineral and energy reserves
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What do the following bones protect? cranial and vertebrae, rib cage, pelvis
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brain and spinal cord, heart and lungs, urinary and digestive organs.
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What is hemopoiesis? Where is it carried out and using what type of cell from what type of bone?
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Process of blood cell formation; carried out by stem cells in "red bone marrow" in spongy bone.
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Where is active red marrow found in children?
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In the spongy bone of most bones in their bodies.
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What results when red bone marrow becomes inactive in adults?
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It turns to yellow bone marrow
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In what 6 locations in adults do active red marrow form blood cells in the spongy bone?
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Flat bones of the skull
vertebrae ribs sternum (breastbone) bones fo the pelvis (ossa coxae) Proximal end of the L and R humerus Proximal end of the L and R femur |
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What organ stimulates the hormone involved in the process of hematopoiesis and what is the name of the hormone?
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Kidneys, erythropoietin
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What is typically done in the sternum or posterior portion of the ilium to diagnose disorders in blood cell formation?
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Bone marrow biopsies
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What percentage of the body's reserves of the minerals calcium and phosphate are stored and released by bone?
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90%
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Why is calcium essential in bone?
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It is essential for muscle contraction, blood clotting, and nerve impulse transmission.
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Why is phosphate an important mineral in bone?
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It is needed for ATP utilization (traps useful energy for utilization of the body)
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What is in yellow bone marrow and where is it located in adults?
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Energy in the form of fat (lipids or adipose tissue), in the medulary cavity or in the diaphysis.
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Where is most of the body's fat supply?
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In the hypodermis (subcutaneous) layer near the surface of the body
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