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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Which is the first dentin secreted by the odontoblasts?
a. Mantle b. Circumpulpal c. Secondary d. Tertiary e. Reactionary |
Mantle
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2. Which term below refers to dentin that may not have fully coalesced during mineralization?
a. Mantle dentin b. Interglobular dentin c. Intertubular dentin d. Peritubular dentin e. Secondary dentin |
Interglobular dentin
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3. Formation of sclerotic dentin is a normal response and it also delays microbes from invading the pulp?
a. First statement is true but second statement is false. b. First statement is false and second statement is false c. First statement is false but second statement is true d. Both statements are true |
Both statements are true
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4. What type of nerves can be found in the odontoblastic layer
a. Mylinated nerve endings b. Unmylinated nerve endings c. Both a and b d. No nerve endings found |
Unmyelinated nerve endings
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5. Which nerves are responsible for the conduction of sharp, pricking sensation from the pulp.
a. A delta fibers b. A beta fibers c. C fibers d. All of the above |
A delta fibers
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6. Size and position of the apical foramen changes with age.
a. True b. False |
False
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7. All of the following are types of Dentin except ?
a. Mantle b. Peritubular c. Reparative d. Interglobular e. Laminar |
Laminar
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Which of the following structures increase with age of the pulp ?
1. Size of the pulp space 2. Number of cells 3. Collagen fibers 4. Calcifications 5. Nerves and vessels a. 1, 3 and 4 b. 1, 2 and 5 c. 3 and 4 d. 1 and 3 |
3 & 4
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What allows the faster conduction of impulses by the A delta fibers as opposed to C fibers ?
a. Larger diameter and presence of myelin sheath around A delta fibers b. Abundance of A delta fibers. c. The fragile nature of C fibers. d. All of the above |
Larger diameter and presence of myelin sheath around A delta fibers
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The nature of the inflammatory response of the pulp to bacteria depends on all of the following except?
a. Duration of agent b. Virulence of agent c. Resistance of host d. Size of bacterial cells |
Size of bacterial cells
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What is the major source of pulpal irritation ?
1. Microbial 2. Mechanical 3. chemical 4. All of the above |
Microbial
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. _______________ would be observed with an actual pulpal exposure ?
1. Mild inflammatory reaction 2. Moderate inflammatory reaction 3. Intensive inflammatory reaction 4. None of the above |
Intensive inflammatory reaction
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Deeper cavity preparations have high potential for pulpal irritation due to :
1. Increased number of dentinal tubules per unit surface area 2. Increase in diameter of dentinal tubules 3. Increase in number of microbes per unit surface area 4. Obliteration of the dentinal tubules A. 1 and 2 B. 3 and 4 C. 1, 2 and 3 D. all of the above |
1 & 2
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An acutely inflamed pulp is histologically associated with which predominant cells?
1. PMNs 2. Lymphocytes 3. Macrophages 4. Mast cells |
PMNs
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What factors differentiate the outcome of inflammation in pulp to inflammation in any other loose connective tissue?
1. Inability of the pulp to expand 2. Lack of collateral circulation in pulp 3. Faster increase in tissue pressure in pulpal inflammation 4. Ability of pulp to regenerate A. 1 and 3 B. 2 and 3 C. 1, 2 and 4 D. 1, 2 and 3 |
1,2, & 3
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Which of the following does not play a role in causing pain in inflammation?
1. Prostaglandins 2. Lowering of sensory nerve threshold 3. Decrease in tissue pressure 4. Histamine |
Decrease in tissue pressure
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Which of the following is a specific mediator of inflammation?
1. Prostaglandins 2. Immunoglobulins 3. Vasoactive amines 4. Neuropeptides |
Immunoglobulins
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How are caries classified?
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Morphology (coronal caries, pit & fissure, smooth surface, root caries)
Clinical features Severity (mild, moderate, severe) Rate of progression (Rampant caries, Incipient caries, arrested caries, recurrent caries, xerostomic caries) |
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What is the acidogenic (Chemoparasitic) Theory?
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Two stage process there is decalcification of the enamel which also results in the destruction of the dentin.
In the second stage there is dissolution of the softened residue of the enamel and dentin. In the first stage there is destruction done by the acid attack where as the dissolution of the residue is carried by the proteolytic action of the bacteria |
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What 3 things must be present for caries to occur?
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Host: tooth & saliva
Diet: carbohydrate/sugar substrate Plaque: thin film on the tooth surface; bacterial colony |
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Cariogenic bacterial plaque + suitable local substrate = ?
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Organic acids
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Organic acids + tooth mineral = ?
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Demineralization
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Demineralized tooth + bacterial proteolytic enzymes = ?
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Cavitation/cavity/decay/caries
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What does the Stephan curve demonstrate?
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That enamel dissolves at a critical pH, which is 5.5
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What is the main cariogenic bacteria that cause rooth caries?
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Actinomyces viscosus
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What are the 4 main bacteria indicated in dental caries?
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Streptococcus mutans
Streptococcus sobrinus Lactobacillus acidophilus Actinomyces viscosus |
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What does CAMBRA stand for?
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Caries Management By Risk Assessment
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What is the severity/intensity caries index of primary teeth?
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dft or dfs
decayed and filled teeth decayed and filled surfaces |
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What is the severity/intensity caries index of permanent teeth?
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DMFT or DMFS
Decayed, missing due to caries and filled teeth Decayed, missing due to caries and filled teeth surfaces |
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What ethnicities experience greater caries prevalence?
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Hispanics>Blacks>Whites
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What does Socioeconomic staus do to caries prevalence?
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Low SES = Higher prevalence of caries
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What is the term for Food items that can be metabolized by cariogenic bacteria in plaque?
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Acidogenicity
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What is the term for Ability to foster caries in humans under conditions conducive to caries formation?
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Cariogenicity
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What surfaces of teeth are most affected by fluoride?
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Smooth surfaces
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What type of fluoride treatment is most effective, topical or systemic?
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Topical
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What is the main determinant to determine the natural water fluoridation level for a region?
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Mean annual temperature
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How much fluoride from water should a 6 mo - 3 yr child receive?
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0.25 mg of <0.3
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How much fluoride from water should a 3-6 yr child receive?
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0.50mg of <0.3
0.25 of 0.3-0.7 |
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How much fluoride from water should a 6-16 yr child receive?
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1.0mg of <0.3
0.50mg of 0.3-0.7 |
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What is fluoride's post-eruptive effect on teeth?
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Promotion of remineralization and inhibition of demineralization of early carious lesions. Inhibition of glycolysis, the process by which cariogenic bacteria metabolize fermentable carbohydrates
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What is fluoride's pre-eruptive effect on teeth?
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Some refuction in enamel solubility in acid by pre-eruptive incorporation of fluoride into the hydroxyapatite
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What are three things that tilt the caries balance?
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Protective factors
Risk factors (bacteria, xerostomia, diet, access to care, oral hygiene) Disease indicators |
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Where will we most likely find caries in adults?
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Interproximally
Occlusal Cervical, especially if there is loss of attachment |
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Where will we most likely find caries in children?
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Occlusal
Pits and fissures Cervical |
