Cariology

Front 1

the study of disease and its determinants in populations and groups

Back 1

epidemiology

Front 2

This type of epidemiology uses survey methods to collect data about a particular, defined population to descrive their oral health status.

Back 2

descriptive

Front 3

This type of epidemiology uses specific designs to test a hypothesis and demonstrat an association and establish a relationship. can assess outcomes of preventive or interventional treatments, or natural history of a disease

Back 3

analytical

Front 4

in analytical epidemiological studies, this is a group of people about the same age

Back 4

cohort

Front 5

A subjective feel of dry mouth

Back 5

xerostomia

Front 6

An objective measurement of dry mouth

Back 6

hyposalivation

Front 7

In epidemiological studies, this term means the # of individuals affected

Back 7

prevalence

Front 8

In epidemiological studies, this term means the # of new cases in a defined period

Back 8

incidence

Front 9

a dental index that signifies caries prevalence by # of Decayed, Missing, of Filled permanent teeth

Back 9

DMFT

Front 10

a dental index that signifies caries prevalence by # of Decayed, Missing, of Filled permanent surfaces

Back 10

DMFS

Front 11

In 1974 what percent of U.S. school children were caries free (DMFT)?

Back 11

25

Front 12

In 1980 what percent of U.S. school children were caries free (DMFT)?

Back 12

37

Front 13

In 1989 what percent of U.S. school children were caries free (DMFT)?

Back 13

50

Front 14

NHANES III showed that what percentage of children experience 80% of dental caries?

Back 14

25

Front 15

NHANES III showed that what percentage of adults exhibited evidence of past or present caries?

Back 15

94

Front 16

The Oral Health in America report by the Surgeon General showed what as the most common chronic childhood disease?

Back 16

tooth decay

Front 17

Who is the father of modern dentistry?

Back 17

G.V. Black

Front 18

What 3 discoveries had the greatest impact on cariology?

Back 18

1) 1930s-40s - correlation established between sugar consumption and caries. 2) Late 1940s-50s - role of streptococci caused caries & established caries as an infectious/transmittable disease. 3) 1940s - demonstration that fluoride in water supplies reduced caries.

Front 19

What are the 3 major factors in caries formation?

Back 19

tooth, substrate, & flora

Front 20

gram+ aerobic non-motile bacteria that produces acids

Back 20

Streptococcus mutans

Front 21

gram+ non-motile rods; grows under anaerobic conditions & produces acids

Back 21

Lactobacilli

Front 22

What 5 of enamel & dentin are mineralized?

Back 22

95-98, 60-65

Front 23

In saliva, what do the electrolytes & organic molecules serve?

Back 23

to minimize drops in local pH

Front 24

In saliva, sodium bicarbonate & phosphates act as

Back 24

buffers

Front 25

a salivary protein that raises pH to neutral levels

Back 25

Sialin

Front 26

How much saliva produced in a day?

Back 26

0.5-1liter

Front 27

term for the stone that blocks a salivary gland?

Back 27

Sialolith

Front 28

What are the 3 stages of Bacterial Plaque formation?

Back 28

1) Pellicle formation 2) bacterial colonization 3) plaque maturation

Front 29

a matur plaque is generally how old?

Back 29

2 weeks or older

Front 30

On an exposed, recently cleaned tooth surface, how fast is pellicle formation?

Back 30

really, really, really fast. Immediate formation

Front 31

When white blood cells are found in the plaque, what stage have you reached?

Back 31

Bacterial colonization, stage 2

Front 32

During days 4-7 (stage 2) which bacteria are colonizing?

Back 32

filamentous bac, rods, fusobacteria

Front 33

During days 7-14 (stage 2) which bacteria are colonizing?

Back 33

vibrios & spirochetes

Front 34

T/F: Caries is always farther advanced clinically than radiographically

Back 34

T

Front 35

When checking for caries, is it better to have a dull or sharp explorer?

Back 35

dull, to prevent false positives

Front 36

pH range where enamel demineralies:

Back 36

4.5-5.5

Front 37

pH range where root surface demineralizes

Back 37

6-6.7

Front 38

what pH range is considered neutral (i.e. between meals)

Back 38

6.2-7.0

Front 39

3 ways in which F+ inhibits carious process

Back 39

inhibits plaque bacteria, inhibits demineralization, enhances remineralization by creating a cries resistant surface (fluoroapatite)

Front 40

What is the chemical in Peridex or PerioGard & what is its action?

Back 40

Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.12%). Reduces plaque organisms on tooth surfaces, dental plaque and oral mucosa. It disrupts cell membrane of bac cells.

Front 41

How would you use periogard/peridex to treat gingivitis?

Back 41

2x daily for 2 weeeks

Front 42

What is the gum sugar substitute shown to inhibit S. mutans adherence to plauque?

Back 42

Xylitol

Front 43

Name the class of lesion: Lingual surface of maxillary incisor

Back 43

I

Front 44

Name the class of lesion: proximal surfaces of premolars and molars

Back 44

II

Front 45

Name the class of lesion: proximal surfaces of incisors and canines that don't involve the incisal angle

Back 45

III

Front 46

Name the class of lesion: proximal surfaces of incisors or canines that involve incisal angle

Back 46

IV

Front 47

cervical 1/3 of facial or lingual surfaces (not pit or fissure)

Back 47

V

Front 48

incisal edges of anterior teeth and cusp tips of posterior teeth

Back 48

VI

Front 49

facial and lingual surfaces of molars

Back 49

I

Front 50

occlusal surface of premolars/molars

Back 50

I