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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is rhinitis? |
The "common cold." Inflammation of the nose and upper respiratory tract. Very common. |
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How is rhinitis spread? |
By airborne droplet sprays from infected people. Breathing, coughing, sneezing, direct hand contact. |
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S/S of rhinitis |
•mild sore throat. •dry, prickly feeling in back of throat. •congestion. •sneezing. •malaise. •nonproductive cough. •muscle aches. •headaches. |
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TX of rhinitis |
Treat the symptoms. •antihistamines. •steroids. •rest. •citrus juices are recommended for Vit C. |
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What is sinusitis? |
It's the inflammation if the mucosal lining of the sinuses. When pathogens go from the nasal passageways to the sinuses. |
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S/S of sinusitis |
Because oxidant builds up in the sinuses pts usually experience •Pain. •headaches. •tender sinuses. •malaise. •drainage from the nose. •upper teeth painful. |
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TX of sinusitis |
•relieving pain. •promote sinus drainage. •control infection. •prevent recurrence. •hot moist packs over the sinus area. •inhaling moist steam. •antibiotics for 10days. •increase fluid intake. •limit dairy intake. |
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What is Epitaxis? |
Nosebleed. |
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How do you treat a nosebleed? |
Put direct pressure on the nose for 10-15mins. Sit forward. Cold compresses. Silver nitrate can be used. |
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What is pharyngitis? |
Inflammation of the pharynx. "Sore throat " |
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S/S of pharyngitis |
•dry, scratchy throat. •mild. •headache. •malaise. •red throat, tonsils. •throat cultures is used to determine strep. |
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TX of pharyngitis |
•rest. •warm saline or salt water gargles. •throat lozenges.•plenty of fluids. •mild analgesics. |
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What is tonsillitis? |
Inflammation of the tonsils. |
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S/S of tonsilitis |
•high fever. •sore throat. •malaise. •Pain referred to the ears •chills. •red/swelling tonsils. |
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TX of tonsillitis |
•warm saline gargles •antibiotics (usually penicillin) •bed rest •fever management •surgery is considered when pt has more than 7 episodes within a year. |
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Nursing management of tonsillectomy |
•restrict pts diet for 6 to 8 hours prior to surgery. •pt should not undergo surgery if they have a fever. Post op •observe signs of hemmorage. (Frequent swallowing indicate bleeding) •post op diet- ice cold liquids for the first 24 hours. |
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What is sleep apnea? |
Where a person stops breathing for 10 seconds until there is a reflex gasp for air. Usually txt with CPAP. |
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What are s/s of cancer of the larynx? |
•hoarseness. Does not respond to treatments. Lasts more than 3 weeks. •sore throats that last more than 2 weeks. •Pain in or around the ear when swallowing. •difficult swallowing. •blood in phlegm or saliva. •lumps or knots in the throat |
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How do you dx cancer of the larynx? |
•laryngoscope. •MRIs. •CT scan. •microscopic examination of the tissues taken from the site. |
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TX of larynx cancer |
•radiation. •larynhectomy. •feeding tube is placed 10 to 14 days post op. |
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What is an endotracheal tube and a tracheostomy? |
Endotracheal intubation is inserted into the trachea via nose or mouth with the use of a laryngoscope. Placed for airway protection when there is an obstruction or when ventilation is necessary. Tracheostomy is a surgical incision to insert a tube for breathing. |
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Nursing management of a pt with tracheostomy tube |
•maintain a patent airway. •first 24 hours monitor for respiratory distress. •suction trach if pt cannot remove mucus. |
