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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tunica intima
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Inside Layer of blood and lymphatic vessels
- Endothelium - Single layer of flattened squamous - Subendothelium- zone of loose C.T, contains collagen and elastic fibers - Internal Elastic Membrane- Avascular, corrugated to allow tisue fluid to reach outer layers |
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Tunica Media
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Middle Layer of Blood and lymphatic vessels
- Smooth muscle fibers- responsible for vasoconstriction - Collagen and elastic fibers- run inbetween muscle fibers - External elastic membrane- elastic fibers thart seperate tunica media from adventitia, avascular |
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Tunica adventitia
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Outer layer of Blood and lymphatic vessels
-Collagen fibers- bundles in excess - Elastic Fibers- usually concentrate at inner part -Vasa Vasora- vessels supplying vessels present in adventitia of thick walled vessels |
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Large
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Elastic arteries. Lumen is wide in comparison of thickness of wall
-Tunica Intima- Subendo is wide zone. -Tunica Media- thickest layer, comprises 75-80% of thickness. Made up of multiple corrugated elastic membranes -Tunica Adventita- Vaso Vasora supply the wall. |
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Arterioles
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Lumen small and wall appears appear think compared to Lumen
-Tunica Intima -Tunica Media- thickest zone, lack external elastic membranes -Tunica Aventitia |
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Venules
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Larger in Diameter than companion arterioles
- Tunica intima - tunica Media -Tunica Adventita |
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medium/small Arteries
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- Tunica intima
- Tunica Media - Tunica Adventita |
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Small and Medium sized veins
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- Tunica intima- no internal elastic membrane
- Tunica Media- no external elastic membrane - Tunica Adventita- widest zone, MAY contain vasa vasora (??? thats highlighted... wtf?") |
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Venous Valves
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Pocket type valves and are made up of folds of tunica intima
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Capillaries
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Type I- continuous endothelium- most common
Type II- fenestrated endothelium- fenestrated (showing holes). This type occurs where there is absorption of filtration of fluid (i.e. intestines and glomeruli of kidney) |
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Sinusoids
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Capillary sinusoids
Regular sinusoids |
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Connections between arterial and venous sides
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1- Capillaries
2- Sinusoids 3- Arterio-venous anastomosis |
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Capillaries
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represent the main connection between arterial and venous sides of circulation. Very small vessels with a diameter of 7-9 microns
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Pericytes
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Are flattened branching cells in relation to outer walls of blood capillaries. These cells may differentiate into phagocytotic or contractile cells
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True sinusoids
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larger than capillaries. Their diameter ranges between 40-50 microns.
Blood sinusoids found in the liver, spleen and bone marrow |
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Sinusoidal Capillaries
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Are present more commonly in some endocrine glands like pituitary or adrenal
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Arteriovenous Anastomoses or Shunts
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Connect arterioles with venules directly, bypassing capillaries.
-Tunica Intima -Tunica Media- Very thick -Tunica Adventitia Locations: Tips of fingers, toes, nose, lips, ears, and some internal organs. |
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glomus
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Arteriovenous anastomoses of the fingers and toes made up of branching convuluted vessels
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Endocardium
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Innermost layer of heart
A. inner zone: a thin sheet of fine collagen fibers B. Middle zone: Collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and smooth muscle fibers C. Outer zone- frequently called the subendothelium. Made up of loose areoler. Also contains Purkinje Fibers |
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Myocardium
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Middle and thickest layer of the heart.
Myocardium sends projections into the lumen to form the papillary muscles |
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Epicardium
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Outer layer of the heart
A Serous Layer- covers heart and represents visceral layer of pericardium. Made of mesothelial cells B. Subepicardial layer- internal to serous membrane connecting it to the myocardium |
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Valves of the Heart
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Tricuspid and Mitral.
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Semilunar Valves
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found at root of aorta and pulmonary artery
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Conducting system of heart
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SA and AV nodes
Purkinje Fibers (Bundle of His)- found in the subendocardium |
