Cardiovascular System Chapter13

Front 1

What does the cardiovascular system consist of ?

Back 1

heart and vessels

Front 2

what are the vessels?

Back 2

arteries capilaries and veins

Front 3

What is the function of the CV system?

Back 3

It supplies oxygen and nutrients and carries away waste and carbon dioxide

Front 4

What does the heart look like and where is it located?

Back 4

cone shaped muscular pump within the throacic cavity

Front 5

How big is the average adult heart?

Back 5

5 1/2 inches lont and 3 inches wide

Front 6

What encloses the heart in a sac?

Back 6

the pericardium

Front 7

The pericardium is made up of two layers what are they?

Back 7

the outer tough connective tissue is the fibrous pericardium then a layer of visceral pericardium

Front 8

Visceral pericardium is also called what?

Back 8

epicardium first layer of the heart outer layer

Front 9

The visceral pericardium folds back on itself and forms the what?

Back 9

pariental pericardium

Front 10

Between the parietal and visceral pericardia is what?

Back 10

the pericardial cavity

Front 11

The cavity filled with serous fluid that reduces friction is what?

Back 11

pericardial cavity

Front 12

The wall of the heart is composed of three layers what are they

Back 12

outermost layer is the epicardium,(viseral percardium) middle layer is the myocardium and the inner layer of endocardium

Front 13

The thickest layer of the heart that contains cardiac muscle is what?

Back 13

myocardium

Front 14

Waht does the atria or do?

Back 14

recieves blood returning from the heart and have thin walls

Front 15

What do the ventricles do?

Back 15

pump blood to the body and are thick walled

Front 16

What divides the atrium and the ventricles on each side?

Back 16

septum

Front 17

What is the right atrioventriclular valve?

Back 17

tricuspid

Front 18

what is the left av valve

Back 18

bicuspid or mitral

Front 19

Chorrdae tendinae are what

Back 19

these attatch to valves in the heart

Front 20

what is the function of the valves/

Back 20

to prevent back flow

Front 21

What is the order of blood flow?

Back 21

superior and inferior vena cava,R atrium, tricuspid valve, R ventricle, pulmanary valve, pulmanary trunk,

Front 22

The uppermost or most superior part of the heart is the

Back 22

base

Front 23

The thickest part of the wall of the heart is the

Back 23

myocardium

Front 24

The right atrium receives blood from the

Back 24

inferior and superior vena cava

Front 25

Cardiac pain is due to

Back 25

interuption of blood supply to the cardiac muscle

Front 26

Which of the following correctly describes the events of the cardiac cycle?

Back 26

both atria contract and both ventricles relax; then both ventricles contract and both atria relax

Front 27

During a normal cardiac cycle

Back 27

the ventricles receive 70% of the blood from the atria passively during ventricular diastole ( both

Front 28

The two major heart sounds are a result of

Back 28

opening and closing of heart valves

Front 29

Concentrations of which of the following electrolytes have a direct effect on the myocardium?

Back 29

calcium and potassium

Front 30

The middle layer of arterial walls is composed of

Back 30

smooth muscle

Front 31

The vessel that participates directly in the exchange of substances between body cells and the blood is the

Back 31

capillary

Front 32

The amount of blood that flows into capillaries is regulated by

Back 32

precapillary sphincters

Front 33

Plasma proteins help retain water in the blood by maintaining

Back 33

osmotic pressure hydrostatic pressure vacuum

Front 34

The middle layer of the walls of veins differs from arteries in that

Back 34

it contains less smooth muscle

Front 35

The maximum pressure in the artery, occurring during ventricular contraction is

Back 35

systolic pressure

Front 36

Tissues depend on an intact circulatory system to supply nutrients and oxygen and to remove accumulated wastes

Back 36

True

Front 37

What prevent the cusps from flapping into the chambers.

Back 37

papillary muscles

Front 38

What is composed of dense, fibrous, connective tissue, and provides places of attachment for heart valves and muscle fibers

Back 38

The skeleton of the heart

Front 39

Blood is supplied to the myocardium by

Back 39

the coronary arteries, the first branches of the aorta.

Front 40

Blood enters the ventricles during

Back 40

atrial relaxation

Front 41

The valves close because of

Back 41

pressure differences

Front 42

The pressure increases during ventricular contraction closing the

Back 42

AV valves when intraventricular pressure exceeds intraatrial pressure.

Front 43

What does the pulmonaryvalve ensure?

Back 43

that blood leaves the right ventricle for the lungs through the pulmonary trunk

Front 44

The substances exchanged through the capillary walls are exchanged by what?

Back 44

diffusion, filtration and osmosis

Front 45

What merges to form veins?

Back 45

venules

Front 46

The lumen of veins are wider than that of the?

Back 46

arteries

Front 47

epanding and contracting of the arterial wall can be felt as the what?

Back 47

pulse

Front 48

What does the blood flow throught the venous system depend on?

Back 48

breathing and vasoconstriction of veins, skeletal muscle contractions

Front 49

pulmonary circuit is what

Back 49

vessles that carry blood fromthe heart to the lungs and back to the heart

Front 50

Systemic circuit is what

Back 50

carries blood from the heart to all other parts of the body and back again and it also includes the coronary circulation.

Front 51

What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?

Back 51

it recieves oxygen in the lungs and get rid of carbon dioxide

Front 52

What is the function of the systemic circulation?

Back 52

takes oxygen rich blood to cells and pick up carbon dixoide

Front 53

how do veins differ from arteries

Back 53

They have thinner walls and valves and thinner middle layers