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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vasoconstriction |
decrease blood vessel diameter |
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Vasodialation |
increase blood vessel diameter |
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Anastomoses |
2 or more branches joining to supply the same area. Can be arteries, veins, arterioles, or venules |
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Collateral Circulation |
an alternate route taken by blood |
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Arterioles |
regulate blood flow from the arteries to the capillaries by regulating resistance |
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Arteries |
carry blood away from the heart
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3 layers of arteries |
Tunica Intima: inner layer, contains epithelium lining that lines entire CV system. Endothelium is the only layer that contacts the blood. Tunica Media: middle and thickest Tunica Externa: outer layer, elastic and collagen fibers |
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Capillaries |
microscopic BV located between arterioles and venules
exchange nutrients and waste between the blood and tissues through the interstitial fluid |
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Venules |
the smallest vein that collects blood from capillaries to the vein
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Veins |
carries blood BACK to the heart contain Tunica Intima and media: thinner than arteries contain Tunica externa: thicker than arteries Have Valves Thinner muscle layer |
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Blood Flow |
volume of blood that flows through a tissue at any given time |
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Blood Pressure |
the contraction of ventricles systolic: contraction of ventricles Diastolic: ventricle relaxation
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Pulse Pressure |
the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure normal: 40 mmHg |
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Circulation Time |
the time it takes blood to pass from right atrium to the feet and back ~ 1 minute
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Systemic Circulation |
-the route oxygenated blood flows from the LV through the aorta to all of the organs -the route deoxygenated blood takes when it returns to the RA |
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Ascending Aorta |
Arch ends at T4 Thoracic aorta: T4-T12 Abdominal Aorta: T12-L4 |
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Arch of Aorta: Branches |
Right to Left 1. Brachiocephalic, branches into Right common carotid, and right subclavian. 2. Left common carotid 3. Left subclavian |
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Thoracic Aorta: branches |
Visceral branches -pericardial arteries -bronchial arteries -mediastinal arteries Parietal Branches -posterior intercostal arteries -subcostal arteries -? |
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Veins of systemic Circulation |
Coronary Sinus -great cardiac vein -middle cardiac vein -small cardiac vein SVC IVC
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Veins of the Thorax
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Azygos -follows vertebral column on the right side -help drain IVC -alternate route if either VC are blocked
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Pulmonary Circulation |
flow of deoxygenated blood from the RV to the lungs, and return of O2 blood from the lungs from the LA
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Who carries oxygenated blood?
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right and left pulmonary arteries
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Who carries deoxygenated blood? |
right and left pulmonary veins
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Fetal Circulation |
the circulatory system of the fetus contains special structures that allow the developing fetus to exchange material with the mother
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Placenta |
where exchange of materials between mother and fetus ocur |
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Umbilical Cord
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contains the umbilical vein and arteries that connect the fetus to the placenta |
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Umbilical arteries |
blood passes from the fetus to the placenta, they eliminate CO2 and wastes
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Foramen Ovalis |
opening between the LA and RA so blood doesn't have to pass into the RV and the lungs, Blood that passes into the RV is pumped into the pulmonary trunk
closes shortly after birth
becomes foramen ovale |
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Ductus Arteriosis |
a vessel that connects the pulmonary trunk with the aorta so that most blood bypasses the fetal lungs.
becomes ligamentum arteriosum after birth |
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umbilical vein |
bring O2 blood from placenta to fetus |
