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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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functions of the cardiovascular system
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~transport life-supporting oxygen and nutrients to cells
~help remove metabolic waste products ~carry hormones from one part of the body to another |
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the heart is surrounded by
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~the pericardial sac
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pericardial sac consists of 2 layers
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~visceral (inner)
~parietal (outer) |
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the heart wall has 3 layers
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~epicardium (outer)
~myocardium (middle) ~endocardium (inner) |
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the heart has 4 valves
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~right side: tricuspid & pulmonic semilunar
~left side: mitral & aortic |
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AV valves
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~prevent backflow of blood into atria when the muscles contract
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semilunar valves
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~prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles during diastole
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SA node
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~pacemaker
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cardiac output
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~total amt of blood ejected from a ventricle per min
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arteries
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~pulm artery carries deoxy blood to lungs
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arterioles
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~connect arteries to capillaries
~smaller artery branches |
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capillaries
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~join arterioles to venules
~nutrients and wastes are exchanged |
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venules
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~connect capillaries to veins
~smaller vein branches |
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veins
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~pulm vein carry oxy blood to L atrium
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electrocardiography
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~ECG
~noninvasive test ~measures electrical activity of the heart |
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holter monitor
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~ambulatory ECG
~noninvasive ~records the heart's electrical activity ~keep activity diary ~no showers, microwaves, or elec shaver |
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echocardiography
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~noninvasive
~echoes from sound waves used to visualize intracardiac structures ~monitor direction of blood flow |
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chest x-ray
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~determine size and position of the heart
~check 4 fluid in the lungs ~hold breath during test ~remove all jewelry |
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venogram
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~dye injected to allow visualization of the veins
~NPO ~informed consent ~allergies to seafood ~check injection site ~fluids |
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pulse oximetry
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~infared light to measure arterial oxygen saturation in the blood
~attach sensor to fingertip, earlobe, bridge of nose, or toe |
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troponin level
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~incr first 2hrs to see if pt had MI
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CPK
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~incr all the time
~shows ischemia in heart |
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Coronary Arterial Bypass Graft
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~occlusion of heart
~bypasses occlusion ~coronary art has clot; instill dye, outline chambers, see clot ~takes leg/mamamary veins ~veins only ~R=venous/vena cava ~L=arterial/aorta |
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nonmodifiable risk factors
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~sex
~age ~family ~race |
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modifiable risk factors
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~diet
~lifestyle ~exercise ~smoking/drinking |
