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130 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Angi/o |
Vessel |
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Aort/o |
Aorta |
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Arteri/o |
Artery |
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Ather/o |
Fatty substance |
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Atri/o |
Atrium |
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Coron/o |
Heart |
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Corpor/o |
Body |
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Cardi/o |
Heart |
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Embol/o |
Plug |
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Isch/o |
To hold back |
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Myocardium |
Heart muscle |
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Phleb/o |
Vein |
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Sept/o |
Wall |
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Son/o |
Sound |
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Sphygm/o |
Pulse |
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Steth/o |
Chest |
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Thromb/o |
Clot |
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Valv/o |
Valve |
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Valvul/o |
Valve |
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Varic/o |
Dilated vein |
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Vascul/o |
Blood vessel |
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Vas/o |
Vessel,duct |
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Ven/o |
Vein |
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Ventricul/o |
Ventricle |
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-cardia |
Heart condition |
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-manometer |
Instrument to measure pressure |
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-ole |
Small |
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-spasm |
Involuntary muscle contraction |
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-tension |
Pressure |
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-tonic |
Pertaining to tone |
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-ule |
Small |
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Di- |
Two |
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Cardiovascular system |
A.k.a. circulatory system Delivers oxygen and nutrients like glucose and amino acids Picks up waste products from cells and delivers them for elimination |
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Organs of cardiovascular system |
Heart Arteries Capillaries Veins |
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Division of cardiovascular system |
Pulmonary circulation Systemic circulation |
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Systemic circulation |
Between heart and cells of body Carries oxygenated blood away from left side of heart to body |
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Pulmonary circulation |
Between heart and lungs Carries deoxygenated blood away from right side of heart to lungs
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Heart |
Muscular pump Made up of cardiac muscle fibers Beats an average of 60-100 beats per minute or about 100,000 times a day |
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Heart pumping actions |
Everytime the muscle contracts: Blood is ejected from heart Pushed throughout body within blood vessels |
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Location of the heart |
Found in mediastinum More to left side of chest Directly behind sternum About the size of a fist Shaped like an upside down pear Tip of heart at lower edge called the apex |
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Endocardium |
*inner layer *lines heart chambers *smooth, thin layer that reduces friction as the blood passes through heart chambers |
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Myocardium |
*middle layer *thick muscle *contraction of this layer develops the pressur required to pump blood through blood vessels |
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Epicardium |
*outer layer *forms the visceral layer of pericardial sac *fluid between layers of pericardial sac reduces friction as heart beats |
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Heart chambers |
Divided into 4 chambers: Two atria Two ventricles |
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Division walls of the heart |
Divided into left and right side by walls called interatrial septum and interventricular septum |
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Atria |
Left and right upper chambers *recieving chambers Blood returns to atria in veins * superior and inferior vena cava *pulmonary veins |
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Ventricles |
Left and right lower chambers Pumping chambers *thick myocardium Blood exits ventricles into arteries *aorta *pulmonary artery |
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Heart valves |
Four heart valves Tricuspid Pulmonary Mitral Aortic |
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Tricuspid valve |
An atrioventricular valve *between right atrium and ventricle Prevents blood in ventricle from flowing back into atrium Has 3 leaflets or cusps |
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Pulmonary valve |
A semilunar valve -valve looks like half moon Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery Prevents blood in artery from flowing back into ventricle |
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Mitral valve |
Aka bicuspid valve Has 2 cusps An atrioventricular valve Between left atrium and ventricle Prevents blood in ventricle from flowing back into atrium |
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Aortic valve |
A semilunar valve Between left ventricle and aorta Prevents blood in aorta from flowing back into ventricle |
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Blood flow through the heart #1 |
Deoxygenated blood from body enters relaxed atrium via two large veins called: Superior vena cava Inferior vena cava |
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Blood flow through heart #2 |
Right atrium contracts Blood flows through tricuspid valve into relaxed right ventricle |
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Blood flow through heart #3 |
Right ventricle contracts Blood is pumped through pulmonary Artery Carries blood to lungs |
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Blood flow through heart #4 |
Relaxed atrium receives blood that has been oxygenated by lungs -blood enters left atrium from the four pulmonary veins |
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Blood flow through heart #5 |
Left atrium contracts Blood flows through mitral valve into relaxed left ventricle |
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Blood flow through heart #6 |
Left ventricle contracts -blood is pumped through the aortic valve and into aorta -largest artery in the body -carries blood to all parts of the body |
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Systole and diastole |
Heart chambers alternate between: Relaxing to fill Contracting to push blood foward |
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Systole |
Contraction phase |
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Diastole |
Relaxation phase |
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Autonomic nervous system |
Controls heart rate No voluntary control over heart |
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Special heart tissue |
Conducts electrical impulses Stimulate different chambers to contract in correct order |
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Sinoatrial node |
Aka pacemaker Where electrical impulses begin |
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Conduction system of heart #1 |
Electrical impulses start at synoatrial node travels through atria causing them to contract or go into systole |
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Conduction of the heart #2 |
Atrioventricular node is stimulated this node then transfers stimulation wave to atrioventricular bundle |
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Conduction system of heart #3 |
Electrical wave travels down bundle branches within interventricular septum |
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Conduction system of heart #4 |
Finally, purkinje fibers in ventricular myocardium are stimulated results in ventricular systole |
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Blood vessels |
Pipes that circulate blood through body Three types: Arteries Capillaries Veins |
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Lumen |
Channel within blood vessels |
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Arteries |
Large thick walled vessels Wall contains smooth muscle and can dilate or constrict |
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Arterioles |
As the coronary arteries travel through body they branch into progressively smaller vessels call arterioles |
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Artery functions |
Carry blood away from heart *Towards either lungs or cells and tissues of body *pulmonary artery Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs *aorta Carrie's oxygenated blood to body
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Coronary arteries |
Supply myocardium |
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Capillaries |
Connecting units between arteries and veins Arterial blood flows into capillary bed Venous blood flows out of capillary bed |
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Capillary bed |
Network of tiny, thin walled blood vessels |
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Capillary location for: |
Oxygen and nutrients to diffuse out Carbon dioxide and waste to diffuse in |
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Veins |
Much thinner walls than arteries Much lower pressure system than arteries *has valves to insure blood flows toward heart *squeezing by skeletal muscle also assist blood return to heart |
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Venules |
Smallest veins |
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Vein flow |
Carry blood toward the heart -from either the lungs or the cells and tissues of body -pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from lungs -superior and inferior vena cava carry deoxygenated blood from blood |
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Pulse and blood pressure |
May be affected by several characteristics of blood and blood vessels -volume blood -amount of resistance to blood flow |
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Ventricular systole |
-blood is under great pressure -gives highest pressure, systolic -top number of blood pressure reading |
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Pulse |
Felt at wrist or throat is the surge of blood caused by the heart contraction |
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Ventricular diastole |
- blood isnt being pushed from the heart at all - blood pressure drops to lowest point, diastolic - bottom number of blood pressure reading |
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Cutane/o |
Skin |
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Cyan/o |
Blue |
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Duct/o |
To bring |
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Electr/o |
Electricity |
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Hem/o |
Blood |
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Steth/o |
Chest |
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Thromb/o |
Clot |
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Valv/o |
Valve |
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Valvul/o |
Valve |
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Varic/o |
Dilated vein |
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Vas/o |
Vessel |
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Vascul/o |
Blood vessel |
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Ven/o |
Vein |
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Ventricul/o |
Ventricle |
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-ectomy |
Surgical removal |
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-gram |
Record |
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-graphy |
Process of recording |
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-ia |
Condition |
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-lytic |
Destruction |
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-megaly |
Enlarged |
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-oma |
Tumor |
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-osis |
Abnormal condition |
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-plasty |
Surgical repair |
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-rrhexis |
Rupture |
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-spasm |
Involuntary muscle contraction |
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-stenosis |
Narrowing |
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-tension |
Pressure |
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-ule |
Small |
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A- |
Without |
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Anti- |
Against |
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De- |
Without |
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Endo- |
Inner |
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Extra- |
Outside of |
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Hyper- |
Excessive |
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Hypo- |
Insufficient |
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Inter- |
Between |
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Intra- |
Within |
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Per- |
Through |
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Peri- |
Around |
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Poly- |
Many |
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Myocardial infarction |
Condition caused by partial or complete occlusion or closing of one or more of coronary arteries |
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Defibrillator |
Gives electric shock to heart to fix irregular heartbeats |
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Angina |
Severe chest pain with sensation of constriction around heart. Cause by oxygen deficiency |
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Aneurysm |
Weakness in wall of artery resulting in localized widening of artery |
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Arrythmia |
Irregularity in heartbeat or action could be too fast too slow or irregular |
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Electrocardiogram |
Hard copy record produced by electrocardiography |
