Cardiovascular ; Pressures

Front 1

mean arterial pressure (MAP) def

Back 1

pressure of moving blood through tissues

Front 2

mean arterial pressure formula

Back 2

= diastolic + (1/3) pulse pressure

Front 3

mean arterial pressure depends on

Back 3

metabolic (oxygen, nutrients) factors

myogenic factors (smooth muscle control)

Front 4

pulse pressure def

Back 4

pressure systolic- pressure diastolic

Front 5

systolic pressure

Back 5

peak arterial pressure in ventricular systole

Front 6

systolic pressure range and unit

Back 6

100-120 mmHg

Front 7

diastolic pressure range and unit

Back 7

60-80 mmHg

Front 8

diastolic pressure def

Back 8

minimum arterial pressure during ventricular diastole

aorta valve close

Front 9

venous pressure def

Back 9

amount of blood arriving at right atrium each minute

Front 10

Because venous BP is too low for venous return, how is it helped?

Back 10

the respiratory pump
the muscular grp
layers of smooth muscle

Front 11

Averaged over a few heartbeats venous return is

Back 11

equal to cardiac output

Front 12

when you inhale venous pressure (increased/decreased)

Back 12

decreased

Front 13

osmotic pressure def

Back 13

pressure that must be applied to prevent osmotic movement acossa membrane

Front 14

osmotic pressure increases when

Back 14

solute concentration
increases

Front 15

blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)

Back 15

is the osmotic created pressure when suspended proteins are unable to capillary walls.

Front 16

BCOP average value

Back 16

25 mmHg

Front 17

BCOP increases

Back 17

increases when lg plasma proteins are outside capillary walls are increased

Front 18

intersitial colloid osmotic pressure value

Back 18

zero

Front 19

net colloid osmotic pressure def

Back 19

diff btwn:
blood colloid osmotic pressure
-
intersitial colloid osmotic pressure

Front 20

net colloid pressure formula

Back 20

BCOP- ICOP

(25 -0)

Front 21

net osmotic pressures causes fluid to move in or out capillary

Back 21

Fluid in capillary

Front 22

net colloid pressure causes fluid to move in or out of capillary

Back 22

fluid in capillary

Front 23

hydrostatic pressure def

Back 23

pressure created when something is moving through fluid.

Front 24

hydrostatic pressure causes fluid to move in or out capillary

Back 24

fluid out of capillary

Front 25

capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP) def

Back 25

pressure within capillary beds

Front 26

interstitial hydrostatic pressure
(IHP) has a value of

Back 26

zero

Front 27

net filtration pressure (NFP)
def

Back 27

net hydrostatic pressure
-
net osmotic pressure

Front 28

NFP formula

Back 28

=

(CHP-IHP) - (BCOP-ICOP)

Front 29

If the NFP is increased

Back 29

blood hydrostatic pressure increased

decreased plasma albumin

Front 30

net CHP results in fluid loss/gain

Back 30

loss of fluid out of capillary

Front 31

the venous system serves as a

Back 31

blood resevoir

Front 32

large venous networks include

Back 32

liver
bone marrow
skin

Front 33

circulatory pressure def

Back 33

change of pressure across systemic unit
btwn the base of the ascending aorta and the entrance to the right atrium

Front 34

circulatory pressure average value

Back 34

100 mmHg

Front 35

ciruclatory pressure must overcome

Back 35

total peripheral resistance

Front 36

total peripheral resistance

Back 36

resistance of entire of cardiovascular system

Front 37

total peripheral resistance depends on

Back 37

vascular resistance
blood viscosity
turbulence

Front 38

turbulent blood flow is caused by

Back 38

blood flowing from large to small vessel

atherosclerosis

Front 39

atherosclerosis and arterosclerosis affect what % of US

Back 39

50

Front 40

resistance increases

Back 40

as vessel diameter decreases

Front 41

a shorter blood vessel has

Back 41

increased blood flow

Front 42

what is an aneruysm

Back 42

buldge in arterial wall

Front 43

what causes an aneurysm

Back 43

weak spot in elastic fibers

Front 44

an aneursym can eventually lead to

Back 44

stroke

Front 45

if flow is doubled then blood pressure

Back 45

doubled

Front 46

if flow is increased, resistance

Back 46

decreased

Front 47

if flow is increased then what is increased, decreased

Back 47

pressure, resistance

Front 48

if resistance is increased then then ---- is decreased

Back 48

vessel radius to the 4th power

Front 49

high pulse pressure def

Back 49

pressure consistently over 100 mmHg

Front 50

causes of high pulse pressure

Back 50

atherosclerosis, excerise
which lead to heart disease

Front 51

low pulse pressure def

Back 51

pressure less than 25% of systolic

Front 52

causes of low pulse pressure

Back 52

drop in ventricular stroke volume
blood loss
congestive heart failure
shock

Front 53

arterial BP is an indicator of

Back 53

how much the elastic arteries close to the heart can be stretched and the volume of blood mving through them.

Front 54

pulastile pressure is created when

Back 54

BP rises and falls

Front 55

histamine,kinins & prostaglandins are examples of __ which cause____

Back 55

inflammatory chemicals; vasodilation

Front 56

if intravascular pressure is increased then smooth muscle __ which cause vessels to ___

Back 56

stretch;vasoconstrict

Front 57

if intravascular pressure is decreased then smooth muscle__ which cause vessels to__

Back 57

stretch less; vasodilate

Front 58

togther myogenic and metabolic effects fcn

Back 58

maintain blood flow even if MAP changes

Front 59

list where pressure is highest to lowest

Back 59

arteries
arterioles
capillaries
venules
vein

Front 60

orthostatic hypotension def and caused by

Back 60

temp low BP due to overexcertion/inactivity

Front 61

materials move across capillary walls by

Back 61

diffusion
filtration
reabsorption

Front 62

diffusion def

Back 62

materials move from high to low concentration along a conc. gradient

Front 63

filtration def

Back 63

hydrostatic pressure to move water and small solutes through a capillary wall

Front 64

reabsorption def

Back 64

result of osmotic pressure
(fluid moves into capillary from intersitial fluid)

Front 65

water, ions,sm molecule such as glucise diffuse through

Back 65

endothelial cells
or fenestrated capillaries

Front 66

some ions na,k+,ca2+, diffuse through?

Back 66

ion channels in plasma membrane

Front 67

which capillaries allow free exchange?

Back 67

sinusoidal

Front 68

large, water soluable compounds can diffuse through?

Back 68

fenestrated capillaries

Front 69

lipids, lipid soluable materials such as O2 and CO2 diffuse through

Back 69

endothelial plasma membranes

Front 70

plasma proteins diffue through

Back 70

endothethial lining in sinusoids

Front 71

the continial movement of fluid through interstial spaces produced by capillary fcn serves to

Back 71

. plasma + intersitial fluid are in communication & mutual exchange

. distrubution of nutrients,hormones, gases

. transport tissue protiens and insoluable lipids that cannot enter bloodstream by capillary walls

.carries bacs& toxins to lymphatic system

Front 72

fluid moves out of capillary & into interstital fluid at

Back 72

arterial end of capillary

Front 73

fluid moves in capillary & out of interstial fluid at

Back 73

venous end of capillary

Front 74

the venous end of a capillary is also the

Back 74

transition pt btwn filtration & absorption

Front 75

do capillaries filter or absorb more

Back 75

filter

Front 76

excess fluid which was filtered by capillaries go to

Back 76

lymphatic vessels

Front 77

edema def

Back 77

swelling of tissues with interstial fluid;
fluid out of blood to tissues

Front 78

causes for edema are

Back 78

increased BCOP
increased capillary permabilty
high blood pressure

Front 79

shock def

Back 79

any condition where blood vessels are not foilled and/or blood cannot circulate normally

Front 80

blood flow through tissues is called

Back 80

tissue perfusion

Front 81

tissue perfusion is affected by

Back 81

cardiac output
peripheral resistance (dilation/constriction)
blood pressure