Cardiovascular Dysfunction Huether Chapt. 23

Front 1

Variscosities

Back 1

areas in veins where blood has pooled

caused by damaged valves due to trauma, gravity distension or constriction

Front 2

chronic venous insufficiency

Back 2

inadequate venous return

leads to venous stasis ulcers

deep vein thrombosis (pulmonary embolism, yikes!!)

Front 3

superior vena cava syndrome

Back 3

progressive occlusion of superior vena cava

venous distension in upper extremities, head

oncologic emergency (not so much vascular)

Front 4

hypertension

Back 4

elevation of systemic arterial blood pressure

results in
increased CO

total peripheral resistance or both

primary or secondary

Front 5

What are the risk factors for hypertension

Back 5

family history
male
old
black
obese
high Na intake
low Mg, Ca or K intake
diabetes mellitus
smoking
drinking

Front 6

why is hypertension bad for you?

Back 6

heart disease

renal disease

CNS diffs

musculoskeletal dysfunction

Front 7

orthostatic hypotension

Back 7

low blood pressure upon standing

Your vasoconstriction is playing opposite day and instead vasodialates and pools blood in muscles vasculature

fainting
cardiovascular symptoms
impotence
bladder and bowel diffs

Front 8

aneurysm

Back 8

localized dilation of vessel wall

aorta susceptible

Front 9

thrombus

Back 9

clot attached to a vascular wall

arteriosclerosis
diffuse or discrete

Front 10

embolus

Back 10

clot
air
bacteria
fat

anything that occludes the vasculature

Front 11

what is the most common source of arterial thrombotic emboli?

Back 11

mitral and aortic valve disease
myxomas

this affects the lower extremities, brain and heart

Front 12

what happens if an emboli clogs vasculature?

Back 12

tissue death and necrosis

Front 13

what are some vasospastic disorders?

Back 13

Raynaud (extremity arterioles)

Prinzmetal angina (coronary arteries)

Buerger disease (arteries of hands and feet)

Front 14

arteriosclerosis

Back 14

hardening and thickening of arteries

increases systolic pressure

Front 15

atherosclerosis

Back 15

inflammatory disease and progresses through stages to become fibrotic plaque

smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperhomocystinemia, dyslimpidermia

once plaque is formed, can cause a clot

Front 16

peripheral artery disease.

Back 16

what you call it, after an atherosclerotic plaque has dammed up a limb

nerve muscle and skin dysfunction

Front 17

coronary artery disease

Back 17

gradual narrowing of coronary arteries, rupture and thrombus formation and myocardial ischemia or infarction

Front 18

what are the 3 most predictive risk factors for CAD?

Back 18

hypercholesterolemia

smoking

hypertension

Front 19

ischemic heart disease

Back 19

result of CAD and resultant decrease in myocardial blood supply

Front 20

angina pectoris

Back 20

Stable--transiant
neck, jaw pain