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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of Diuretics
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Loop
Thiazide K+ Sparing Na Channel Blockers Aldosterone Antagonists |
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Thiazide Diuretics
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Hydrochlorothiazide
Indapamide Chlorthalidone Metolazone Chlorothiazide Bendroflumethiazide Methyclothiazide Polythiazide Trichlormethiazide |
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Loop Diuretics
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Furosemide (Lasix)
Torsemide Bumetanide Ethacrynic Acid |
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Aldosterone Antagonists
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Spironolactone
Eplerenone |
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Na+ Channel Blockers
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Triamterene
Amiloride |
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Site of Action for Diuretics
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Loop- TAL of Loop of Henle
Thiazides- DCT K-Sparing- Collecting Duct |
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Advantages of Thiazides
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Low Doses
First Line Drug Long T 1/2 |
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Uses of Loop Diuretics
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Pt w/ Reduced Renal Function
Severe hypertension when Na retaining drugs are being used Short T 1/2 |
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Sodium Channel Blocker Usages
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Counteract Potassium loss of Thiazide diuretics
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New Onset Type 2 Diabetes
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Thiazides and Beta Blockers May increase risk!
ACE-Inhib and ARB reduce risk |
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Non-DHP CCB
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Verapamil
Diltiazem |
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DHP CCB
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Nifedipine
Amlodipine Isradipine Felodipine Nisoldipine Nimodipine Nicardipine Clevidipine |
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CCB MOA
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Block L-type Ca++ Channels
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Non-DHP CCB MOA
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Block Ca++ Channels on vascular smooth muscle and Myocytes
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DHP CCB MOA
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Block Ca++ Channels on vascular smooth muscle
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What type of CCB yields reflex tachycardia?
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DHP CCB
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Uses of Nimodipine
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DHP CCB, used for subarachnoid hemmorrhage....somewhat selective for cerebral arterioles
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CCB side Effects
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Verapamil- Constipation
Flushing Headache Dizziness Peripheral Edema |
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ACE Inhibitors
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Captopril
Enalapril Lisinopril Ramipril Quinapril Fosinopril Benazepril Moexipril Perindopril Trandolapril |
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ACE Inhibitors MOA
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Inhibits Production of AngII
Inhibits breakdown of Bradykinin |
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ACE Inhibitor Usage
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Diabetic & Non-diabetic Nephropathy......Dilates efferent arteriole
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ACE Inhibitor Adverse Effects
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Functional Renal Insufficiency
Hypotension Hyperkalemia In Pt w/ Renal disease Cough Angioedema Higher in Blacks |
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Captopril Side Effects
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Loss of taste/Metallic Taste
Skin Rash |
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ACE Inhibitor Absolute Contraindications
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Bilateral Renal Artery Stenosis
Pregnancy- Teratogen! |
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Angiotensin II Blockers
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Losartan
Valsartan Candesartan Irbesartan Telmisartan Eprosartan Olmesartan |
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Renin Inhibitors
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Aliskiren
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ARB Adverse Effects
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Same as ACE Inhibitors...Look at the physiology
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Non-Selective alpha blockers
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Phentolamine
Phenoxybenzamine |
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Use of Non-Selective alpha blockers
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Pheochromocytoma
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Selective Alpha-1 blockers
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Prazosin
Terazosin Doxazosin |
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Alpha & Beta Antagonists
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Labetalol
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Central acting alpha2 agonists
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Methyldopa
Clonidine |
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Direct Vasodilators
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Hydralazine
Minoxidil Fenoldopam Nitroprusside |
