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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How much blood does the heart beat per minute (when resting and when exercising)? |
When resting- 5 liters When exercising- 30 liters |
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The right side of the heart carries ___ blood and the left side of the heart carries __ blood. |
deoxygenated, oxygenated |
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Veins bring blood from the ___ to the ___ |
Body, heart |
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Arteries bring blood from the ___ to the ___. |
heart, body |
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The general size of the heart is __. |
5 1/2 inches X 3 1/2 inches |
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Where is the heart located in? |
The pericardial cavity within the mediastinum. |
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The right chamber of the heart is situated slightly ___ and points to the ___ |
anteriorly, left |
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The base is also known as the ___ and sits between the __ and the ___. |
superior border, atria, great vessels |
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The base is situated deep to the ___ ___. |
3rd rib |
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The ___ is the point of the heart |
Apex |
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The apex is on the ___ ventricle |
left |
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The apex is situated deep to the ___ ____ ___ |
5th intercostal space |
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What are the three layers of the heart? |
1. Epicardium 2. Myocardium 3. Endocardium |
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The epicardium is AKA the ___ ____. |
Visceral pericardium |
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What are cardiac muscles cells AKA? |
Myocardiocytes |
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Myocardium has what other type of cells besides heart muscle cells? |
Nodal cells and conducting cells |
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The endocardium is continuous with the __ and __. |
Valves, vessels |
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How are adjacent heart muscle cells joined by? |
Intercalated discs |
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Intercalated discs have shared ___ from adjacent cells |
Z-lines |
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What is the bands of fibro-elastic connective tissue interwoven with myocardium and what layer of the heart is it found in? |
Fibrous skeleton, found in myocardium |
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What is the function of the fibrous skeleton? |
1. Shapes chambers 2. Prevents overfilling 3. Electrically separates atria from ventricles 4. Forms frame for valves |
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Which chambers of the heart of the receiving chambers? |
Atria |
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What type of blood and from where does the left atrium receive? |
oxygenated blood from the lungs |
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What type of blood and from where does the right atrium receive? |
Deoxygenated from the body |
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What are the names of the pacemaker cells and where are they found? |
SA node and AV node are found on the right atrial wall |
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What chamber is the pumping chamber of the heart? |
The ventricles |
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Which chambers of the heart has the thicker walls? |
Ventricles |
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The ventricles are separated by what? |
The ventricular septum |
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The right ventricle pumps ___ blood to the ___ |
deoxygenated, lungs |
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The left ventricle pumps ___ blood to the ___ |
oxygenated, body |
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Which ventricle has the thickest wall? |
Left |
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Which major vessel carried deoxygenated blood from body tissues to right atrium? |
Superior and inferior vena cava |
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Which major vessel carried deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs? |
Pulmonary artery |
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Which major vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium? |
Pulmonary vein |
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Which major vessel carries oxygenated blood from left ventricle to the body? |
Aorta |
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Which valve is found between atria and ventricles? |
Atrioventricular valves |
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The right atrioventricular valve is AKA? |
Tricuspid |
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The left atrioventricular valve is AKA? |
Bicuspid/mitral |
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What are the valves between the ventricles and vessels called? |
Semilunar valves |
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How do the AV valves open? |
When blood returns to the atria, valves are forced open |
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How are the AV valves close? |
When ventricles contract, AV valves forcibly close |
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What role does the chordae tendineae play? |
They tighten and prevent AV valve flaps from everting into atria |
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How do the semilunar valves open? |
When ventricles contract, blood is pushed through and forces semilunar valves open |
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How do the semilunar valves close? |
As ventricles relax, blood from arteries begin to fall back and close the semilunar valves |
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What is a heart attack AKA? |
Myocardial infarction |
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Heart attack is the death of ___ |
heart tissue |
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What necessary substance becomes insufficient and causes a heart attack? |
Blood |
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What node begins the atria contraction? |
SA node |
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What node begins the ventricle contraction |
AV node |
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Describe the electrical activity of the intrinsic conduction system. |
Begins at SA node to internodal pathway, AV node, AV bundle (bundle of His), bundle branches, and the purkinje fibers |
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What two "holes" do fetuses have in their heart to assist circulation in utero and what is their purpose? |
Foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus. They are there to bypass the lungs |
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The foramen ovale brings blood from the ___ ____ to the ___ ___. |
Right atrium, left atrium |
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The ductus arteriosus brings blood from the ___ ___ to the ___ |
pulmonary artery, aorta |
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Endocardium
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Myocardium
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Epicardium
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What is in blue?
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Auricles
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Interventricular septum
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Fossa ovalis
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Apex
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Base
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Pulmonary artery
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Pulmonary vein
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Aorta
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Superior vena cava
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Inferior vena cava
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Trabeculae carneae
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Pectinate muscles
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Systole
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contraction
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Diastole
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relaxation
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Papillary muscles
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Left coronary artery
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Right coronary artery
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Circumflex artery
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Great cardiac vein
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Anterior interventricular artery
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posterior interventricular artery
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Coronary sinus
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