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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CAD etiology
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narrowing of coronary artery limits blood supply to heart, causing Angina
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Angina definition
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chest pain with exertion
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CAD Catch phrase
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chest pain with exertion
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CAD chief complaint
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Chest pain/pressure. Worse with exertion, better with rest and NTG
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CAD medications
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ASA (thins blood)
NTG (vasodilator) |
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CAD diagnosed by
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Heart Catheterization (not done in ER) and stress tests (can be chemical or physical)
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CAD risk factors
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CAD is greatest risk factor for MI.
One has CAD if PMHx of Angina, MI, CABG, Cardiac stents, or angioplasty |
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MI etiology
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Acute blockage of the Coronary arteries causes ischemia and infarct of the heart
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MI catch phrase
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chest pressure with diaphoresis, n/v, and SOB
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MI risk factors
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CAD, HTN, DM, Smoker, dyslipidemia, FHX of CAD <55
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MI Diagnosed by
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EKG (STEMI) or elevated Troponin (non-STEMI)
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MI meds
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ASA, NTG, B-Blocker, Thrombolytic
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MI Scribe alert
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MI pts must get to cath lab within 90 minutes of arrival. Document time of arrival and departure and every step in between
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CHF Etiology
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The heart becomes enlarged, inefficient, and congested with fluid
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CHF chief complaints
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SOB worse when lying down (orthopnea)
paroxysmal (intermittent) nocternal dyspnea DOE pedal edema |
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CHF PE
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rales
JVD |
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CHF meds
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diuretics
lasix furasemide |
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CHF diagnosed by
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CXR
Elevated BNP Cardiomegaly Pulmonary vascular distension |
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A fib etiology
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electrical abnormalities in the wiring of the heart causes atrium of heart to quiver abnormally
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A fib Chief Complaints
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palpitations
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A fib rick factors
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paroxysmal A fib, chronic A fib
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A fib PE
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irregulary irregular P, tachycardia
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A fib diagnosed by
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EKG (lacks P waves)
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A fib meds
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Coumadin (blood thinner)
warfarin (potent, prevents blood clots in atria) Plavix DVT and PE can form |
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A fib with RVR
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Rapid Ventricular response, more dangerous than chronic
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Pericarditis
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inflammation of sac surrounding heart, causes CP
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Pleurisy
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inflammation of sac surrounding lungs, causes Pleuritic CP
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Pleuritic pain
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hurts to take deep breath
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Splinting
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Starting to take a deep breath and stopping because it hurts (jolting)
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Costochondritis
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Irritation of Chest wall causing pain with palpation
irritation of cartiledge, not serious |
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Pleural effusion
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Fluid collection around the lungs causing SOB and CP
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