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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is ventilatory pump dysfunction?
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-Ventilatory pump dysfunction is when the respiratory load can no longer be supported by the strength of the system (imbalance between load on respiratory system and neuromuscular competence for an effective inspiratory affort).
-Main cause: Hypercapnia -The alveolar ventilation either falls or fails to rise in response to the increased CO2 production -Findings include tachypnea, dyspnea and confusion. Death can also result. |
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List the general different types of Ventilatory Pump Dysfunction
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-Chest Wall Compliance Loads
-Pulmonary Loads -Musculoskeletal Loads -Connective Tissue Loads -Minute Ventilation Loads -Resistive Loads -Impaired Respiratory Drive -Impaired Neuro-Transmission -Muscle Weakness |
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Name the specific types of Chest Wall Compliance Load Vent Pump Dysfunction.
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-Incision Sites/PAIN
-Abdominal distention (surgery, pregnancy), ascites -Burns to the chest or Airways (causes scarring which restricts chest ROM) -Obesity -Pleural Effusion, Pneumothorax, Rib fracture, Tumor, Chest Trauma |
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Name the specific types of Pulmonary Load Vent Pump Dysfunction.
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-Pulmonary Fibrosis (stiff)
-Asbestosis -Sarcoidosis -Silicosis -Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (COPD in neonates) -Respiratory Distress Syndrome (traumatic or super infection) -Pneumonia (esp if multifocal b/c it causes stiffness in lung tissue) |
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Name the specific types of Musculoskeletal Vent Pump Dysfunction
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-Kyphoscoliosis
-Ankylosing Spondylitis -Pectus Excavatum and Carinatum -Laminectomy/Spinal rod placements -Parkinson’s Disease -Pain |
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Name the specific types of Connective tissue Vent Pump Dysfunction.
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-RA
-Lupus -Scleroderma -Polymyositis -Dematomyositis |
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Name the specific types of Minute Ventilation Load Vent Pump Dysfunction.
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-Excess calories
-Hypovolemia (loss of blood, increases RR) -Pulmonary Embolus/Shunt -Sepsis (superinfection->increases RR->fatigue->increased CO2 production |
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Name the specific types of Resistive Load Vent Pump Dysfunction.
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-Bronchospasm (asthma)
-Edema, secretions, or airway scarring (burns) -Obstructive sleep apnea (due to obesity) -Upper Airway Obstruction (trauma, tracheotomy) |
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Name the specific types of Impaired Respiratory Drive Vent Pump Dysfunction.
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-Brainstem lesion/CVA/Head Trauma
-Drug Overdose -Anesthesia (need mechanical ventilation) -Hypothyroidism (causes sedation of respiratory drive) -Sleep Disorders |
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Name the specific types of Impaired Neuro-Transmission Vent Pump Dysfunction.
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-ALS (eventually effects diaphragm)
-Spinal Cord Lesions -Guillian-Barre Syndrome -Botulism (nerve ending to muscle) -Myasthenia Gravis (lacking Ach (NT) from nerve to muscle) -MS (effects medulla, phrenic nerve, spinal cord) -Phrenic Nerve Injury (like from surgery) |
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Name the specific type of Muscle Weakness Vent Pump Dysfunction.
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-Fatigue
-Hypoxemia -Electrolyte Abnormalities -Hypo-perfusion States -Muscular Dystrophy -Malnutrition, Myopathies |
