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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is formula for Pressure?
for Flow? |
P= Flow x Resistance
Flow= P/R |
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What is formula for Blood Pressure?
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BP = Cardiac Output x Resistance
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Highest PULMonary Pressures are found where?
Right Ventricle High P =? Right Ventricle Low P =? |
--P Highest in Right V. and Pulmonary A.
High = 24mmHG Low= 0-4 mmHG |
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Pulmonary Artery maximum and minimum pressures are?
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High = 24
Low = 10-16 mmHG (avg is 20) |
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Capillary Wedge Pressure is what value
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7 mmHG
This is the Pressure in/on way to capillaries. |
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Pressure in Pulmonary V. to left atrium is what value?
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1-6 mmHG
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Zone 1 refers to pulmonary capillaries that BLANK during a cardiac cycle due to gravity
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remain collapsed.
Zone 2 will be open during part of the cycle due to greater intravasc. P than in Zone 1. Zone 3 are always open |
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What is effect of Pulmonary BP if there is an increase in Flow causing a vasc. radius to inc.?
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Pulm. BP will have little increase as BP = CO(inc.) x R(dec.) as long as vasc is compliant.
Note: Resistance dec when r inc. |
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What are consequences if Pulmonary BP is NOT maintained low
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Edema and others
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If the Starling Pressure is Positive, in which direction will water move?
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net fluid movement will be into the interstition
Normal is a net positive |
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Note on Pulmonary to Systemic Pressure Gradients
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Wedge P (pulm. cap.) is > Pulm. V. P. > Left Atrial P.
Systemic Pressure is much greater than all |
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Positive Oncotic Pressure draws water which way?
ex. Interstitial Oncotic of 21 moves fluid into or out of Capillary? |
Towards itself.
Toward itself, so OUT of the capillary. |
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Edema in Pulmonary interstitium, and/or, into Alveolus indicates CHF in what side of heart--assume lymphatics are okay
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Indicates CHF in Left Heart.
--Left V. doesn't pump all the the Blood the Right V. sent into pulmonary, so that is where it backs up. |
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Capillary P of 20mmHG can cause what?
Likely Cause |
causes Pulmonary congestion and fluid into Alveolus if lymphatics overwhelmed.
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What are other causes of Pulmonary Edema, 3?
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Capillary Wall Inflammation
Pulmonary Hypertension Alveolar Hypoxia |
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Elevated Jugular Venous P. (JVP) is indicative of what?
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Right Ventricular Heart Failure.
-with, Edema in limbs, or in abdomen (ascites)---ex. of systemic edema |
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What is the water vapor P at body temp?
What is resultant Inspired Air pressure in mmHG |
47mmHG added by nasal passages brings pressure down to 713mmHG (use .21 O2 and .79 N)
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What are the considerations for Alveolar air given 760mmHg, dry, sea level. (3)
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-47mmHg saturated w/ nasal H20
-dec. 40mmHg O2 taken up -inc. 40mmHg CO2 exchange --since equal exchange, no net d on N2 |
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What are the considerations for Expired air given 760mmHg, dry, sea level.
Total Pressure =? Change in O2 relative to alveolus? Change in CO2 relative to alveolus? |
Total Pressure still 760, with 47mmHg displaced by water. )2 higher than Alveolar from Dead Air Space. CO2 is lower (40-27
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With dry, Sea level air, what are O2, CO2 values for:
Inspired? Alveolar? Expired? |
Inspired: 149 O2, O CO2
Alveolar: 104 O2, 40 CO2 Expired: 120 O2, 27 CO2 |
