Cardiopulm - Cp Diagnostic Tests/measures

Front 1

• What can ECG diagnose?
  
• What is of note regarding diagnosis by ECG?

Back 1

• HR, heart rhythm
  
• Heart axis
  
• Cardiac hypertrophy
  
• MI, Ischemia
• 12-leads required, can't diagnose anything with just a few leads

Front 2

• How is a Holter monitor different from telemetry?
  
• What information can be gathered from a GXT?
• How/why is GXT information useful?

Back 2

• Holter monitors are brought home with the pt while telemetry is a wireless system within the office
  
• VO₂max, abnormal exercise responses (dysrhythmias, ∆VS, angina)
• For establishing VO₂peak, which is reproducible via similar RPP

Front 3

• What is echocardiography?
  
• Why might one be ordered?
• What else might it visualize?

Back 3

• US of the heart
  
• Abnormal heart sounds or palpitations might be indicative of valvular issue, which is visualized by echo
• Muscular thickness, coordination of contractions, estimates EF and pulm. art. pressure

Front 4

• What is measured by cardiac catheterization?

Back 4

• Pressure of chambers
• Precise SV and EF
• Pulmonary vascular resistance and TPR
  
• Coronary artery perfusion
• Mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP); typically 15 mmHg

Front 5

• What are implications of the test on PT?
  

Back 5

• no PT < 1 hr s/p cath
• increases risk of MI or stroke post.
• R-sided access via subclavian vein
• L-sided access via femoral vein

Front 6

• For what might a V/Q scan be performed?
  
• What is DLco? What is normal?

Back 6

• To identify pulmonary embolism and/or infarction
  
• Measure of diffusion (the rate of gas exchange); 25-30 mL/min/mmHg