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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Primary Cardiomyopathy
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Cannot be attributed to a specific cause
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Secondary Cardiomyopathy
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Due to a specific cause, like:
-Ischemic -Valvular -HTN -Inflammatory -Metabolic -Inherited -Toxicity -Peripartum |
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Etiology of DIlated Cardiomyopathy
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-Infectious; acute viral myocarditis
-Toxic; alcoholic CM -Inherited; Familial CM -Peripartum |
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Pathophysiology of DCM
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-Dilation & impaired sytolic contraction of Vs w/ myocyte damage
-Neurohumoral -Adrenergic NS -Renin-angiotensis-aldosterone |
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Clinical presentation of DCM
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-Volume overload
-Fatigue -Ascites -Edema -Pleural effusions |
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Tx of DCM
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-Supportive
-Gen HF meds when stable -Later, ICD |
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Etiologies of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
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-Familial
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Pathophysiology of HCM
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-LVH not due to P overload
-Vigorous systolic fnx but impaired diastolic fnx=elevated diastolic Ps |
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Clinical presentation of HCM
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-Dyspnea
-Angina -Syncope -Arrythmia +/-Bisferiens pulse & S4 gallop |
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Brockenbrough-Braunwald Sign:
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-Failure of aortic pulse P to rise post PVC....in HCM
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Tx of HCM
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Medical:
-BB -CCB -Anti-arrhythmics -Abx prophylaxis for endocarditis Surgical: -Myomyectomy Dual chamber pacemaker -EtOH septal ablasion -AICD to prevent sudden death |
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Etiologies of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
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-Amyloid
-Sarcoidosis -Hemochromotosis -Endomyocardial fibrosis |
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Pathophysiology of RCM
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-Infiltration of myocardium by abnormal substance, fibrosis, or scarring of endocardium
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Clinical presentation of RCM
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-R>L sided HF
-Dyspnea -Orthopnea/PND -Peripheral edema -Ascites/Hemaptomegaly *Clinically mimics conrtrictive pericarditis |
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Tx of RCM
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-Tx underlying cause
-Diuretics -Digoxin -Anti-arrythmics -Pacemaker -Anticoagulation for thrombus |
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Inheritance pattern of DCM
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-Autosomal dominant or recessive
-X-linked -Mitochondrial |
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Abnormalities associated with inherited DCM
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-Energy production
-Contractile force generation |
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Inheritance pattern of HCM
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-Autosomal dominant
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Abnormalities associated with inherited HCM
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-Beta-myosin heavy chain
-Acute V arrhythmias can occur |
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Genetic testing for CM
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-Usually screening via Echo or EKG
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Surveillance & screening for CM
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-Echo for LV size, wall thickness, fnx, valve Dz, & Ps
-EKG forArrhythmias, LVH, BBBs, & Q waves -Cath lab for filling Ps, LVEF, & angiography CXR for heart size, edema, & pleural effusions -Blood tests -Endomyocardial Bx |
