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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three arteries that branch off the aortic arch?
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1. Brachiocephalic trunk
2. Left common carotid artery 3. Left subclavian artery |
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Cardiac muscle cells are interconnected by intercalated discs. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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What are desmosomes?
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At intercalated discs, the interlocking membranes of adjacent cells are held together by desmosomes. These discs propagate action potentials.
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What is the size in comparison between cardiac and skeletal muscle cell fibers?
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Cardiac= 10-20um
Skeletal=100um |
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What is the Foramen Ovale/
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From the 5th week of embryonic development until birth, the foramen ovale, an oval opening, penetrates the interatrial septum and connects the two atria of the fetal heart.
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Where are pectinate muscles found?
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The anterior atrial wall and the inner surface of the auricle contain prominant muscular ridges called pectinate muscles.
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Where is the Moderator band found?
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It delivers the stimulus for contraction to the papillary muscles, so that they can begin tensing the chordae tendinae before the rest of the right ventricle contracts.
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What is the Ligamentum arteriosum?
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The pulmonary trunk is attached to the aortic arch by this structure, a fibrous band that is a remnant of a fetal blood vessel, that linked the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
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What is the function of the Aortic sinuses?
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They are sac like of the base of the ascending aorta, and are adjacent to each cusp of the aortic valve. They prevent the individual cusps from sticking to the wall of the aorta when the valve opens.
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What is the Fibrous skeleton?
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It consists of four dense bands of tough elastic tissue that encircle the heart valves and the bases of the pulmonary trunk and aorta.
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Name several coronary arteries.
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1. right coronary artery
2. marginal arteries 3. left coronary artery 4. Circumflex artery 5. Anterior interventricular artery |
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name 3 druga used to control angina?
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Propranolol
Metoprolol Nitroglycerin Calcium channel blockers |
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In coronary bypass graft, what arteries or veins are commonly employed for graft tissue/
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Internal thoracic artery
Great saphenous vein |
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A full heartbeat lasts about 370msec. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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The SA node is connected to the larger AV node by internodal pathways in the atrial walls. It takes roughly 50msec for an action potential to travel from the SA node to the AV node along these pathways. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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Name several coronary arteries.
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1. right coronary artery
2. marginal arteries 3. left coronary artery 4. Circumflex artery 5. Anterior interventricular artery |
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name 3 druga used to control angina?
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Propranolol
Metoprolol Nitroglycerin Calcium channel blockers |
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In coronary bypass graft, what arteries or veins are commonly employed for graft tissue/
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Internal thoracic artery
Great saphenous vein |
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A full heartbeat lasts about 370msec. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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The SA node is connected to the larger AV node by internodal pathways in the atrial walls. It takes roughly 50msec for an action potential to travel from the SA node to the AV node along these pathways. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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It takes about 100msec for the impulse to pass through the AV node from the SA node. Why?
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This delay is imporatnt because the atria must contract before the ventricles do. otherwise, contraction of the powerful ventricles would close the AV valves and prevent blood flow from the atria into the ventricles.
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because the Bundle Branches deliver the impulse across the moderator band to the papillary muscles directly, rather then by way of Purkinje fibers, the papillary muscles begin contracting before the rest of the ventricular musculature does. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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In both cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle fibers, an action potential leads to the appearance of Ca+ among the myofibrils, and the binding of Ca+ to troponin on the thin filaments initiates the contraction. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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What is the difference between resting action potential of cardiac and skeletal muscle?
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The resting potential of a ventricular contractile cell is app. -90mV, comparable to that of a resting skeletal muscle fiber(-85mV)
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Once threshold has been reached, the action potential proceeds in 3 steps. What are they/
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1. rapid depolarization
2. plateau 3. repolarization |
