Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
L to R Shunts (4)
|
ASD, VSD, PDA, AVSD (Think 4 D's)
|
|
|
A complete obstruction
|
Atresia
|
|
|
R to L Shunts (5)
|
Tetralogy of Fallot; Transposition of Great Vessels; Truncus Arteriosus; Tricuspid Atresia; Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPV); Think 5 T's
|
|
|
What do children with R to L shunts do to increase systemic vascular resistance?
|
Squat
|
|
|
Timing of Cyanosis in Shunts
|
R to L (Blue Babies); L to R (Blue Kids)
|
|
|
Most Common Cardiac Congenital Anomaly
|
VSD
|
|
|
Syndrome caused by increased pulmonary resistance leading to RA thickening producing progressive pulmonary HTN and L to R shunt reversal (now R to L)
|
Eisenmenger's
|
|
|
How would you close a PDA?
|
Indomethacin (i.e. antiprostaglandin)
|
|
|
What are the elements in Tetralogy of Fallot?
|
Pulmonary Stenosis (Dx); RVH; Overriding Aorta (Overides VSD); VSD (Think PROVe)
|
|
|
Etiology of Tetralogy of Fallot.
|
Anterior Superior Displacement of infundibular septum
|
|
|
Boot shaped CXR due to RVH is characteristic of what congenital heart defect?
|
Tetralogy of Fallot
|
|
|
How does squatting help with R to L shunts?
|
Compression of Femoral Arteries yields increase in systemic pressure to decrease R to L shunt and increase flow to lungs.
|
|
|
Describe Transposition of great vessels.
|
Aorta from RV (ant) and pulmonary trunk from LV (post), not compatible with life unless shunt present from mixing (e.g. VSD, PDA, PFO)
|
|
|
What is the etiology of transposition of great vessels?
|
Failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral.
|
|
|
What are the two types of coarctation of the aorta?
|
Infantile (Preductal) & Adult (Postductal) (Think INfantile as IN close to heart and ADult as Distal to Ductus)
|
|
|
Describe C of A (Infantile Type)
|
Aortic stenosis proximal to insertion of ductus arteriosus (preductal)
|
|
|
Describe C of A (AdultType)
|
stenosis distal to DA; notching of ribs due to collateral circulation, HTN in upper extremeties, weak lower extremety pulses (XO assoc.)
|
|
|
Sequlae of PDA
|
Dec. lung resistance and shunt from L to R with RVH and failure; "machine-like" murmur; PGE maintains patency
|
|
|
What maintains a PDA? Tx?
|
PGE; Indomethacin
|
|
|
What is the characteristic murmur of PDA?
|
Continuous machine-like murmur
|
|
|
DDX for holosystolic murmur.
|
MR; TR; VSD
|
|
|
22q11 (DiGeorge)
(Disorder to Defect) |
Truncus arteriosus, ToF
|
|
|
Trisomy 21
(Disorder to Defect) |
ASD, VSD, AVSD
|
|
|
Congenital Rubella
(Disorder to Defect) |
L to R Shunts, pulmonary artery stenosis
|
|
|
Turner's (XO)
(Disorder to Defect) |
C of A
|
|
|
Marfan's (FBN 1)
(Disorder to Defect) |
Aortic insufficiency and dissection
|
|
|
Offspring of diabetic mother
(Disorder to Defect) |
Transposition of Great Vessels
|
|
|
Most common type of ASD.
|
Secundum
|
|
|
What is Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (TAPVC)?
|
No pulmonary veins directly join the left atrium
|
