Cardio Vascular Nursing Exam

Front 1

Discuss the Borg scale

Back 1

Ranges from 6 to 20, exhaustion level x 10 equals heart rate

Front 2

CKMB

Back 2

Prices for the first 4 to 6 hours, the normal levels are 30 to 180, peak levels reach within 12 to 24 hours, normal in 3 to 4 days

Front 3

Discuss aneurysms

Back 3

Common in men, ruptured more frequently in women, ages 60 to 80, peripheral aneurysm, ages 35 to 60, cerebral aneurysms, AAA, pulsing abdominal mass

Front 4

What is the most common place of atherosclerotic formation

Back 4

Abdominal aorta

Front 5

If I hear a brewery, I think:

Back 5

Atherosclerosis

Front 6

What are diagnostic methods for Raynaud's diagnosis?

Back 6

- Nail fold capillariscopy

- Doppler ultrasound

– hand temperature gradients

– Urea/electrolytes

– Digital pressure measurements

– Blood count

Front 7

What is Cor pulmonale caused by?

Back 7

Prolonged hypertension

Front 8

List symptoms of cor pulmonale.

Back 8

Bluish skin tone, distended neck veins, abdominal ascites, liver enlargement, increased just diameter, prominent AV Waze, abdominal heart sounds

Front 9

What is endothelial dysfunction?

Back 9

A minute functioning of the inner walls of the blood vessels, decreased ability to vasodilate, increased inflammatory response

Front 10

Medication can cause an increase in lipids and triglycerides?

Back 10

Beta blockers

Front 11

What percentage of heart attack patients are asymptomatic?

Back 11

Nearly 50%

Front 12

What is the percentage of stroke types: ischemic vs hemorrhagic?

Back 12

Ischemic - 80-85%

Hemorrhagic - 15-20%

Front 13

Patient goals are developed from:

A. A problem list

B. The physician's orders

C. The patient interview

D. Standardized goals associated with the diagnosis

Back 13

A. A problem list

Front 14

The patient presents with pulmonary edema, tachypnea, tachycardia, hypertension, fever, and cough with frothy sanguinous sputum. What treatments are most commonly ordered initially with this clinical presentation?

Back 14

Oxygen, nitroglycerin, Loop diuretics, and morphine

Oxygen is to relieve dyspnea, nitroglycerin reduces preload, Loop diuretics (lasix?) promote diuresis and venodilation, And morphine reduces associated anxiety. Sometimes angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are used to reduce afterload, but size I diuretics are not used to treat a keep on erythema. Calcium channel blockers could induce acute pulmonary edema is used with tocolytics.

Front 15

Which test is used to determine the size, shape, and movement of cardiac structures?

Back 15

And echocardiogram which is a form of ultrasound.

Front 16

A patient with ventricular tachycardia 200 bpm and multiple premature ventricular contractions loses consciousness. What treatment is most common in this situation?

Back 16

Emergency defibrillation is usually performed in patients with the tech who are also unconscious. Ventricular tachycardia is characterized by three premature ventricular contractions more in a row and a ventricular rate of 100 to 200 bpm the rapid rate of contractions makes VT dangerous as the ineffective beat may run to the person unconscious with no palpable pulse. Detectable rate is usually regular and the QRS complex is greater than 0.12 seconds and often abnormally shaped. The P-wave maybe undetectable with an irregular PR interval is the P wave is present. The P:QRS ratio is difficult to ascertain if the P wave is missing.

Front 17

The nurse knows that a patient who has just had cardiac surgery has decreased chest tube drainage, muffled heart sounds, tachycardia, and pulsus paradoxes. Most probable cause of the symptoms is:

Back 17

Cardiac Tamponade May result in decreased chest tube drainage, nothing heart sounds, tachycardia, pulsus paradoxus, decreased urinary output. The pulmonary artery wedge pressure Central venous pressure, and pulmonary artery diastolic pressure equalize. The cause is kinks or instructions in the drainage tube. These tubes may be gently milked to remove obstructions, but the nurse should avoid the creation of negative pressure by stripping, which can damage the surgical site.

Front 18

After cardiac catheterization and removal of the sheet from the femoral artery, and manual compression device is a fly and usually inflated to: (pressure level)

Back 18

20mm Hg above the patient's systolic pressure. After catheterization and removal of the sheets must be applied for 5 to 10 minutes to prevent bleeding and hematoma formation. And then compression device is usually applied by a belt around the hips with a pad over The insertion site that is inflated to 20 mm Hg of the patients systolic pressure to promote hemostasis. Digital compression may also be used. Sometimes lidocaine is administered at the site to relieve discomfort, but this may result in vasovagal response, so atropine should be available.

Front 19

How is ischemia characterize on the electrocardiogram?

Back 19

Inverted T waves. As the cardiac muscle is damaged, the ST segment is elevated with elevated symmetrical T waves. With a Q-wave myocardial infarction, Q or QS Wavs develop as repolarization is altered or absent. Changes in the Q waves are usually permanent, so old myocardial infarction is evidenced by abnormal Q waves or decreased elevation of the R waves without alterations of ST and T waves. A non-Q wave MI does not cause Q wave changes.

Front 20

Patient complains of sharp pain in the substernal area or to the left of the sternum, which is referred to the neck, arms, and back. It occurs intermittently and suddenly and increases in intensity with inspiration, coughing, swallowing, or turning of the trunk. It is somewhat relieved by sitting upright. The most likely diagnosis is:

Back 20

Pericarditis

The symptoms are typical of pericarditis. Angina pain, usually related to exertion, lasts 5 to 15 minutes and is substernal or retrosternal, radiating across chest and sometimes to the inside of the arm, neck, or jaw. Myocardial pain lasts over 15 minutes and occur spontaneously or after an episode of unstable angina. It is substernal or over the pericardium. It may spread across the chest into shoulders and hands. Anxiety pain last 2 to 3 minutes and tends to occur across the chest but does not radiate; however some patients complain of numbness of hands and mouth.

Front 21

If a patient has an angle systolic pressure of 90 and I brachiocephalic pressure of 120, what is the ankle brachial index?

Back 21

0.75

Ankle / brachial

And ankle systolic pressure of 90 divided by a brachiocephalic pressure of 120 equals 0.75. Blood pressure at the ankle should be able to or slightly higher than that of the arm. With peripheral arterial disease, the ankle pressure falls. The degree of disease relates to the score:

1.3: normally hi, may indicate calcification of the salon

1-1.1: Normal

<0.5: narrowing of one or more leg vessels

<0.8: moderate, associated with intermittent claudication

<0.6-0.8: borderline perfusion

0.5-0.75: severe disease, ischemia

<0.5: pain even at rest. Limb threatened

0.25: critical limb-threatening condition

Front 22

Which heart sound indicates atrial Gallup, which is often associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension, or aortic stenosis?

Back 22

S4

Yes four is an extra beat (atrial Gallup), occurring just before S1 and producing a triple "Tennessee" rhythm. It is often associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension, or aortic stenosis. S1 and to our normal heart sounds. I just wanted to Casey onset of systole with closure of both tricuspid and mitral valve. S2 is the end of systole and indicates closure of the pulmonary and aortic valves. S3 is an extra be producing a triple rhythm (Kentucky), And indicates decreased ventricular compliance, often related to left ventricular failure and mitral regurgitation.

Front 23

Anticoagulation therapy should be given before which of the following procedures?

A. Emergency defibrillation

B. Direct current cardioversion

C. Current and chemical cardioversion

D. Chemical cardioversion

Back 23

C. direct current cardioversion and chemical cardioversion

There is no time to start anticoagulation when emergency defibrillation as needed. With simulation, blood clots me for within the heart, and when the pulse rate converts to normal, these clubs can travel, increasing the risk of heart attack or stroke; Best, the patient is usually maintained on anticoagulation such as warfarin for up to six months after cardioversion.

Front 24

T or F? An atrial septal defect is characterized by something of blood returning from the lungs from the left atrium back to the right atrium and into the pulmonary circulation.

Back 24

True. Ventricular septal defect is characterized by left to right shunt with Eisenmenger's syndrome and 10%, causing increased pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure. Domanik stenosis causes right ventricular hypertrophy and from increased pressure in the right ventricular and decreased pulmonary bloodflow. They were extensive causes left ventricular wall hypertrophy as pressure increases to overcome valvular distance.

Front 25

Scalerotherapy primarily used to treat:

Back 25

Varicose veins

Sclerotherapy is used to treat varicose veins. I chemical substance, such as sodium tetradecyl sulfate, is injected into the vein, causing local inflammation and fibrosis, which eventually obliterates the lumen. It is especially effective for the treatment of spider veins are small service varicosities. Microfoam sclerosants, In which the chemical is mixed with air or carbon dioxide to increase service coverage, is sometimes used for deeper and larger varicosities. Compression dressings were applied to the room after sclerotherapy, and compression stockings or one for about five weeks.

Front 26

What smoking cessation medication must be monitored carefully because of dangerous side effects?

Back 26

Varenicline (Chantix)

It must be monitored as it can cause mood or behavioral changes, seizures, psychiatric manifestations, and suicidal thoughts. It is one of the most legal drugs in terms of injury and death associated with drug.

Front 27

What is the benefit of drug-eluting coronary stents as compared to standard stents?

Back 27

They inhibit the cell proliferation and inflammation and redo stenosis. They're not used to elite antibiotics or anticoagulants, and they are inorganic and are, therefore, not rejected. Drug-eluting stents no more costly than standard stents. Most coronary stents are pre-mounted on an inflatable balloon delivery system, which is carried by catheter to the side of the lesion.

Front 28

What percentage of the dash diet is total fat?

Back 28

27%

Front 29

Internal shifting of fluid or external loss of fluid defines which kind of shock?

Back 29

Hypovolemic shock.

It occurs when there is in adequate intravascular fluid. The loss is absolute is caused by internal shifting of human or external lots of food, such as with massive hemorrhage, thermal injuries, severe vomiting and diarrhea, or ruptured spleen. The losses relative is related to vasodilation, increased capillary membrane permeability from sepsis or injuries, and decreased colonial membrane permeability from loss of sodium or from diseases, such as hypocrisy arise or cirrhosis.

Front 30

Which blood pressure listed below poses the greatest risk of cardiovascular disease for people over 50 years of age?

A. Diastolic pressure greater than 80mm Hg

B. Increased blood pressure after exercise

C. Systolic pressure greater than 140mm Hg

D. Pulse pressure 40mm Hg

Back 30

C. Systolic pressure greater than 140mm Hg

Front 31

Patient has been treated with unfractionated heparin over five days develops a sudden drop in platelets from 120,000mm3 to to 45,000mm3, suggesting heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, which place is this patient at risk for:

Back 31

Thrombosis and vessel occlusion - HIT can induce a thrombosis syndrome that increases the patient's risk for thrombosis and vessel occlusion rather than hemorrhage. A platelet count below 50,000mm3 indicates a type II reaction, an autoimmune reaction to heparin; reaction causes heparin antibody complexes to form and a release of platelets factor for, which, in turn, attracts heparin molecules that here to platelets and endothelial mining, stimulating thrombin and platelet clumping. Discontinuation of the heparin and treatment with direct thrombin inhibitors are indicated.

Front 32

Jugular venous calls can be

Back 32

Right atrial function

Front 33

Endothelial dysfunction is associated with:

Back 33

Hypertension

It is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis and hypertension. The ability of arteries and arterials to dilate is impaired. Impairment of the endothelium becomes greater, blood-pressure rises. The endothelium mediate hemostasis, congratulations, fibrinolysis, cell proliferation, and cell wall inflammatory mechanisms. Into cereal dysfunction associated with hyperlipidemia it is the cause or effect of hypertension.

Front 34

Is a person who drinks heavily on one occasion in danger of cardiovascular impairment?

Back 34

Yes, drinking heavily on one occasion can cause cardiovascular impairment. While the effect of alcohol on the heart is more severe if there is underlying cardiac disease, and overdose about no underlying disorder making cardiac contractions, causing the heart rate increase. Alcohol depresses the autonomic nervous system, which can lead to heart failure, cardiac dysrhythmias (most commonly atrial fibrillation), and cardiac arrest. Sonic drinking can severely damage the heart and blood Bessel, resulting in hypertension and cardiomyopathy.

Front 35

The goal of an exercise stress test is to raise the heart rate to what percentage predicted for age and gender?

Back 35

80 to 90%

Front 36

Janeway lesions, splinter hemorrhages, and roth's spots are immunological response is associated with:

Back 36

Endocarditis

Also petechiae on the oral mucosa, and glomerulonephritis

Endocarditis is an infection of the endothelial surface valves of the heart caused by invasion of the tissue by a pathogen, usually after surgery, IV catheterization, or IV drug abuse. Other manifestations include low-grade fever, anorexia, weight loss, malaise, splenomegaly, and anemia. Patients with pericarditis present with chest pain, mild fever, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell count, and friction rub. It may cause aortic valve dysfunction or mitral valve insufficiency. Patients with myocarditis may present a symptomatically or with fatigue, dyspnea and palpitations the also with sudden cardiac arrest.

Front 37

Hey you wave more than 1 mm high after that T-wave, AV block, and/or inverted T waves, might indicate _______________ on an The cardiogram.

Back 37

Hypokalemia

Front 38

What clinical situation is characterized by marked elevations and blood pressure that can result in severe organ damage if left untreated?

Back 38

Hypertensive crisis,

May be related to either primary or secondary hypertension, dissection of aortic aneurysm, pulmonary edema, central nervous system disorders, eclampsia come and failure to take medications correctly.

Diastolic blood pressure is greater than 120mm Hg constitutes a hypertensive emergency and must be treated immediately.

Front 39

The metabolic syndrome is characterized by:

Back 39

Abdominal obesity, increased triglycerides, increase HDL level, elevation of blood pressure, increased fasting blood sugar.

Metabolic syndrome is insulin resistance, and put people at risk for the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Front 40

A patient has an atrioventricular block in which there are more P waves and QRS complexes with no clear relationship between them and atrial rate 2 to 3 times the pulse rate; there is also an irregular PR interval. What type of AV block is this patient likely to have?

Back 40

Third degree AV block

Front 41

Pulmonary is characterized by changes in the:

Back 41

Right ventricle

Front 42

In renovascular disease, activation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system results:

Back 42

Increased blood pressure

Increase blood pressure results from retention of sodium, chloride, and water. Antidiuretic hormone, a pituitary hormone, stimulates the kidneys to conserve volume. Renin is released when blood volume, blood pressure, or osmolarity are reduced, causing the renin angiotensin aldosterone response that changes angiotensin to angiotensin I and then to angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor that increases blood pressure. It also stimulates The adrenals to release aldosterone, conserves sodium, resulting in higher fluid volume and increased blood pressure.

Front 43

What adverse effects are related to immunosuppression with high doses of Tacrolimus after a heart transplant?

Back 43

Nephrotoxicity

So my elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Other effects include hyperkalemia, insomnia, and malaise.

Front 44

The automatic implants about cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) delivers which impulses?

Back 44

On demand synchronous electrical impulses when the post increases to a preset rate

Front 45

What cardiac symptoms are typical of cocaine use?

Back 45

Hypertension and increased heart rate, Justin may mimic a myocardial infarction. Vasoconstriction occurs both within the coronary arteries in the peripheral circulation, resulting in hypertension and episodes of cardiac ischemia that may cause infarcts. In some cases, multiple infarct may occur even with normal coronary arteries. Cardiomyopathy with enlargement of the left ventricular muscle is common in chronic users.

Front 46

An episode of syncope associated with exertional exercise is a manifestation of:

Back 46

Aortic stenosis

Because exercise results in reduced cerebral blood flow because of peripheral dilation without increased cardiac output. In some cases, the hypotension related to syncope may result in ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia and death.

Front 47

What might severe, intense, tearing, knife-like pain posterior lay, between the scapula, and nausea and vomiting possibly in indicate?

Back 47

Dissecting descending thoracic aortic aneurysm.

Dissecting of the ascending aorta would result in anterior CP. it does not usually increase in intensity. If additional arteries are involved, it can also involve numbness, tingling, and evidence of vascular insufficiency and the affected limb.

Front 48

Venous ulcers commonly have which of the following characteristics?

A. They are deep in circular.

B. Are superficial and irregularly shaped.

C. They are often the necrotic.

D. They appear primarily on the toes and toe webs.

Back 48

B. Are superficial and irregularly shaped.

Venous ulcers are typically superficial a regular ulcers on the medial or lateral malleolus and sometimes the anterior tibial area and cause varying degrees of pain. Surrounding skin off and has a brownish discoloration. Name is moderate to severe. Arterial ulcers are painful, deep, circular, often necrotic authors found on tow tips, to Webb, heels or pressure areas. There is often river on dependency but pallor on foot elevation, And skin is pale, shiny, and cool. Edema is minimal.

Front 49

What preparation is necessary for a patient scheduled for a radionuclide ventriculogram?

Back 49

No special preparation is needed.

A sample of blood is withdrawn, labeled with a technetium 99m radionuclide and then is injected it back into the patient. With electrocardiogram guidance, images are obtained during the cardiac cycle. The video is used to evaluate diastolic and systolic function for patients with heart failure from valvular Waze or to monitor the toxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs.

Front 50

Physical changes that suggest a severe cardiovascular disorder, such as pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure, include:

Back 50

Central cyanosis of the nails and skin of the nose, lips, and extremities.

Front 51

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are contraindicated in patients with:

Back 51

Renal failure - One of the most serious side effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors is. Renal impairment, especially in patients also taking diuretics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The ace inhibitors are commonly used to treat hypertension and heart failure. They're often combined with diuretics such as fine as I diuretics, hydrochlorothiazide, for hypertension or Lasix for heart failure. The ace inhibitors are sometimes given to patients with diabetes mellitus to prevent diabetic neuropathy.

Front 52

Is sexual activity after recovery from a myocardial infarction consider to be high risk?

Back 52

Yes, The risks associated with sexual activity after recovery from a myocardial infarction are very low, and most heart recovery progress encourage exercise. However, before sexual encounter it is important to consider the following:

- The person should be well rested

- person should wait 1 to 3 hours after eating.

- comfortable position should be used to minimize stress.

- CarPlay is important so that the heart rate increases in strength is in preparation for intercourse.

- if the person take my password for angina, this medication should be taken before a sexual activity.

Front 53

What is the best approach to be used with a 35-year-old woman who has Marfan syndrome as well as severe mitral valve prolapse and heart failure is to:

Back 53

Repair the valve rather than replace it.

Front 54

Using a standard blood pressure cuff in a very obese patient, and the cuff just reaches around the patient's arm, may result in:

Back 54

Fourth high readings of the cuff is somewhat small.

Front 55

A patient who is receiving Digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix) daily is also prescribed tetracycline for rosacea and subsequently developed nausea, vomiting, and tachycardia. The most likely cause is:

Back 55

Digoxin toxicity

Both drugs can interact digoxin. Dig levels should be monitored to ensure therapeutic levels. Early signs of toxicity include fatigue, depression, nausea, and vomiting

Front 56

Listen Contra indications for Coreg.

Back 56

Bronchial asthma, Cardiogenic shock, decompensated heart failure, Second or third ventricular heart block, severe bradycardia unless there is a pacemaker present, severe Hepatic impairment, sick sinus syndrome

Front 57

Beta blockers end in:

ACEs end in:

ARBs end in:

Back 57

Beta blockers end in: lol

ACEs end in: pril

ARBs end in: sartan

Front 58

The centers for disease control's 5-P approach question name is used to assess:

Back 58

Sexual history and risk.

Partners, prevention of pregnancy, protection from STDs, practices – oral, anal, etc.; past history, Like drugs, prostitution,?? etc.

Front 59

The centers for disease control's 5-P approach question name is used to assess:

Back 59

Sexual history and risk.

Partners, prevention of pregnancy, protection from STDs, practices – oral, anal, etc.; past history, Like drugs, prostitution,?? etc.

Front 60

A patient is receiving Coumadin along with other treatment for atrial fibrillation. The international normalized ratio range should be:

Back 60

2 to 3

Front 61

What is a therapeutic INR for deep vein thrombosis?

Back 61

1.5 to 2

Front 62

What is the therapeutic INR range for pulmonary embolism and mechanical heart valves?

Back 62

3 to 4.

Front 63

What is the therapeutic INR range for pulmonary embolism and mechanical heart valves?

Back 63

3 to 4.

Front 64

A patient with the recent implantation of a pacemaker developed severe hiccups which indicates:

Back 64

Phrenic nerve or muscle stimulation from dislocation of leads.

Front 65

The patient complains of exercise induced angina, which manifests as chest pain radiating down the left arm and lasting five minutes or less. This type of angina is:

Back 65

Stable angina

Front 66

The CAGE tool is used to assess people for:

Back 66

Alcohol abuse

Front 67

What medication should be discontinued for 48 hours before cardio version?

Back 67

Digoxin

Front 68

What medication should be discontinued for 48 hours before cardio version?

Back 68

Digoxin

Front 69

The treatment of choice for significant pulmonary stenosis is:

Back 69

Balloon valvuloplasty

Front 70

An 80-year-old, severely arthritic patient recently suffered out myocardial infarction. She has limited use of her hands, is sometimes forgetful, and is currently very anxious. This patient is likely to experience what Barrier to learning self-care?

Back 70

Psychological, physical, and cognitive.

Front 71

An 80-year-old, severely arthritic patient recently suffered out myocardial infarction. She has limited use of her hands, is sometimes forgetful, and is currently very anxious. This patient is likely to experience what Barrier to learning self-care?

Back 71

Psychological, physical, and cognitive.

Front 72

When examining the test, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Back 72

When examining the chest, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Hint 72

Around the fifth into the space on the left midclavicular line

It is caused by the thrusting of electrical. It is very easy to observe and patients within test wells. If the heart is enlarged, it may be observed at the second intercostal space.

Front 73

First-line drugs for the treatment of stage one hypertension are:

Back 73

Thiazide diuretics

Also, with an ace inhibitor, an ARB beta blocker, or calcium channel blocker

Front 74

An 80-year-old, severely arthritic patient recently suffered out myocardial infarction. She has limited use of her hands, is sometimes forgetful, and is currently very anxious. This patient is likely to experience what Barrier to learning self-care?

Back 74

Psychological, physical, and cognitive.

Front 75

When examining the test, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Back 75

When examining the chest, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Hint 75

Around the fifth into the space on the left midclavicular line

It is caused by the thrusting of electrical. It is very easy to observe and patients within test wells. If the heart is enlarged, it may be observed at the second intercostal space.

Front 76

First-line drugs for the treatment of stage one hypertension are:

Back 76

Thiazide diuretics

Also, with an ace inhibitor, an ARB beta blocker, or calcium channel blocker

Front 77

Calling a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, the patient exhibits hypertension, which is probably caused by:

Back 77

Third spacing

Can result in hypertension from third spacing in which extracellular and intracellular fluid accumulates, Causing hypovolemia as less food is available for circulation.

Front 78

An 80-year-old, severely arthritic patient recently suffered out myocardial infarction. She has limited use of her hands, is sometimes forgetful, and is currently very anxious. This patient is likely to experience what Barrier to learning self-care?

Back 78

Psychological, physical, and cognitive.

Front 79

When examining the test, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Back 79

When examining the chest, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Hint 79

Around the fifth into the space on the left midclavicular line

It is caused by the thrusting of electrical. It is very easy to observe and patients within test wells. If the heart is enlarged, it may be observed at the second intercostal space.

Front 80

First-line drugs for the treatment of stage one hypertension are:

Back 80

Thiazide diuretics

Also, with an ace inhibitor, an ARB beta blocker, or calcium channel blocker

Front 81

Calling a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, the patient exhibits hypertension, which is probably caused by:

Back 81

Third spacing

Can result in hypertension from third spacing in which extracellular and intracellular fluid accumulates, Causing hypovolemia as less food is available for circulation.

Front 82

Using transesophageal Doppler ultrasonography to measure cardiac output, a short waveform with a rounded Apex may indicate:

Back 82

Left ventricular failure

Front 83

An 80-year-old, severely arthritic patient recently suffered out myocardial infarction. She has limited use of her hands, is sometimes forgetful, and is currently very anxious. This patient is likely to experience what Barrier to learning self-care?

Back 83

Psychological, physical, and cognitive.

Front 84

When examining the test, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Back 84

When examining the chest, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Hint 84

Around the fifth into the space on the left midclavicular line

It is caused by the thrusting of electrical. It is very easy to observe and patients within test wells. If the heart is enlarged, it may be observed at the second intercostal space.

Front 85

First-line drugs for the treatment of stage one hypertension are:

Back 85

Thiazide diuretics

Also, with an ace inhibitor, an ARB beta blocker, or calcium channel blocker

Front 86

Calling a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, the patient exhibits hypertension, which is probably caused by:

Back 86

Third spacing

Can result in hypertension from third spacing in which extracellular and intracellular fluid accumulates, Causing hypovolemia as less food is available for circulation.

Front 87

Using transesophageal Doppler ultrasonography to measure cardiac output, a short waveform with a rounded Apex may indicate:

Back 87

Left ventricular failure

Front 88

Which enzyme test should be measured 8 to 12 hours after onset of symptoms for that iMessage myocardial infarction?

Back 88

Troponin T and I

Earlier testing the results and false negatives. Levels rise within 3 to 4 hours and peak for 24 hours but do not return to normal for 1 to 3 weeks.

Front 89

An 80-year-old, severely arthritic patient recently suffered out myocardial infarction. She has limited use of her hands, is sometimes forgetful, and is currently very anxious. This patient is likely to experience what Barrier to learning self-care?

Back 89

Psychological, physical, and cognitive.

Front 90

When examining the test, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Back 90

When examining the chest, where is the apex beat (pulsation) usually observed?

Hint 90

Around the fifth into the space on the left midclavicular line

It is caused by the thrusting of electrical. It is very easy to observe and patients within test wells. If the heart is enlarged, it may be observed at the second intercostal space.

Front 91

First-line drugs for the treatment of stage one hypertension are:

Back 91

Thiazide diuretics

Also, with an ace inhibitor, an ARB beta blocker, or calcium channel blocker

Front 92

Calling a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, the patient exhibits hypertension, which is probably caused by:

Back 92

Third spacing

Can result in hypertension from third spacing in which extracellular and intracellular fluid accumulates, Causing hypovolemia as less food is available for circulation.

Front 93

Using transesophageal Doppler ultrasonography to measure cardiac output, a short waveform with a rounded Apex may indicate:

Back 93

Left ventricular failure

Front 94

Which enzyme test should be measured 8 to 12 hours after onset of symptoms for that iMessage myocardial infarction?

Back 94

Troponin T and I

Earlier testing the results and false negatives. Levels rise within 3 to 4 hours and peak for 24 hours but do not return to normal for 1 to 3 weeks.

Front 95

An excellent indication for stopping and exercise test is a:

Back 95

Decrease in systolic blood pressure at 10mm Hg or more from baseline despite an increased workload and with evidence of ischemia. Or moderate to severe angina, cyanosis or pallor, nervous system symptoms like dizziness or ataxia, The same ventricular tachycardia, ST segment elevation of 10 mm Hg or more in Leeds without Q waves (other than V1 or VR) coming in the patient's wish to stop the test.

Front 96

Thirty hours after valvular surgery that requires cardiopulmonary bypass, a 75-year-old!patient, who has been apathetic and forgetful for the previous twelve hours, becomes very disoriented, confused, and combative, pulling out his intravenous lines. He is most likely suffering from:

Back 96

Post-pump delirium and psychosis