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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Class 1 drugs and the different type |
Na+ blockers Decrease re-entry Class1A- increases the duration of action potential by slowing down phase 0 depolarization procainamide Class 1B - shorten duration of action potentiometer by shortening phase 3 repolarization lidocaine Class 1C flecoinide |
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Class 2 drugs |
Beta blockers |
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Class 3 drugs |
K+ blockers |
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Class 4 drugs |
Ca2+ blockers Use to treat re-entry |
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Class 5 drugs |
Miscellaneous |
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Adenosine |
T1/2 - 10sec Given I.v. only |
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Procainamide quinine |
Blocks Na channel Increases AP decreases myocardial contraction Atrial fluttering Causes-Lupus like syndromes Hypotension Asystole Peripheral vasodilation |
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Lidocaine |
Most selective Block activated and inactivated Na channels Shortening phase 3 repolarization IV Depresses phase 0 depolarization Premature ventricular contraction Local anesthesia Causes nystagimus Paraesthesias CNS effects |
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Flecainide |
Class 1C blocker Block Na channels in purkinje fibers Shorten AP Bloke K channels in ventricular muscles- prolonged AP WPW orally |
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Proprandol atenolol |
Class 2 betrayed blocker Diminishes phase 4 Decrease heart rate Prevent arrhythmias Decrease cAMP and Ca Use- Portal hypertension Thyroxicosis |
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Satalol |
Class 3 K blocker Lengthens time for repolarization prolong phase 3 in action potential Use- WPW syndrome Tornadoes deh pointes |
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Amiodarone |
Block K channel Ventricular tachycardia |
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Verapamil |
Block L type calcium channel Decrease SAN & AVN Hypertension Orally for angina hypertension Iv for arrhythmias Decrease isotopic |
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Digoxin |
Block NA/K ATPase pump Increase level of Ca2+ Positive ioionotrop Increase PR intervals Decrease QT intervals Cause- 1 and 2 AV nodal block Chronic renal failure Hypoglycemic |
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Simvastatin Atrovastatin |
Inhibition HMG COA reductase Decrease cholesterol synthesis Increase LDL receptors on heptocyctes Increase uptake of LDL from plasma to liver Decrease plasma LDL Cause;Elevated serum transaminase Constipation Cataract Crosses the placenta Interfere with grapefruit |
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Cholestyramine colestipol |
Bile acid binding resins Bind to negatively charged bile acid in small intestine making it negatively charged and excreted in faeces Increase lost of bile cause the liver to convert cholesterol in bile Increase TG Causes bleeding GI disturbance Unpleasant to take |
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Gemfibrozil fenofibrate benzafibrate |
Fibric acid derivatives Decrease TG LDL Increase activity of lipoprotein lipase Increase HDL Causes-Lithasis (storm formation) Crosses placenta |
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Niacin/ nicotinic acid |
Inhibit hepatic syensisis and sECREATION of VLDL Increase lipoprotein lipase Crosses placenta Sever flushing In crosses placenta Increase HDL and decrease everything else Cause gout |
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Ezetimibe |
Selectively inhibits absorption of cholesterol at brush border of small intensin Cholesterol transported to liver Increase LDL receptors on hepatocytes Increase uptake of LDL from plasma Decrease LDL in plasma Orally Acute pancreatitis Stomach pain Diarrhea Stuffy nose |
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Nifedipine |
Bind to L type Ca channels inhibiting inward movement of Ca Peripheral arterial dialatation Use for vasospasm Raynauds phenomenon Cause- peripheral oedema |
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Enalapril lisinpril ramipril |
Renin angiotensin aldosterone system Increase blood pressure Causes the release of aldosterone which causes Na absorption Causes cough Hyperkalaemia Angioedema |
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ACE inhibitors |
Reversible Inhibited ACE and bradykinin blocking RAAS vasodilation Cause hyperkalaemia Cross placenta Angioedema Causes cough due to bradykinin |
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Losarton |
Angiotensin 2 inhibitor Competitive angiotensin ll inhibitor Cross placenta Hyperkalaemia Hypoglycemic No cough
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Aliskiren |
Direct inhibition of renin Cycloaporin increase level Cross placenta |
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Nitroglycerin/amyle nitrate |
Sublingual Angina drug Increases cGMP Decrease intracellular Ca Dialatation of artery Decrease vasospasm Cause-Postural hypotension Throbbing headache Reflex tachycardia Given with B blocker |
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Ranolozin |
Improve coronary blood flow Increase Ca explosion Decrease intracellular Na Constipation |
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Trimetazidine |
Inhibite utilization of free fatty acid Increase consumption of glucose Inhibit acidosis and free radical accumulation in cell |
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Hydrocholorothiazide all thiazide |
Thiazide Increase Na+ Ca+ Decrease K+ Mg Act on the DCT Inhibit Na/Cl transporter Increase urinary K excretion Increase reabsorption of Na Increase reabsorption of Ca Use for nephrolithiasis Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus Cause- hyperglycemia Hyperuricemia Caution with digoxin Hypokalemia Hypomagnsia
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Furosemide |
Loop diuretic Inhibit Na/K/2Cl reabsorption Increase k Ca Mg excretion Increase Na absorption Use for hyperkalaemia Hypercalcaemia Hyoermagnesmia Electrolyte imbalance Cause oxotocity Hypokalemia Metallic alkalosis |
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Spironolactone |
Competitive antagonist of aldosterone Decrease k excretion Increase excretion of Ca Na Causes hyperkalaemia |
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Amiloride triameterene |
K sparingly Inhibit Na reabsorption in collection duct Cause gynecomastia Irregular menstrual cycle Hyperkalaemia |
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Prazosin |
Alpha 1 inhibitor Decrease BP Cause Orthostatic hypotension syncope Treats raynauds phenomenon Relaxed the bladder |
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Metoprolol |
Beta 1 competitive antagonist Decrease intracellular Ca and cAMP Use for aortic dissection CCF Use-CARDIOMYOPATHY |
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Corvedilol |
Decrease sympathetic activity Non selective beta blocker use for CCF Causes bronchoconstriction |
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Location of angiotensin converting enzyme |
Lungs |
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Location of angiotensinogen |
Liver |
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Long acting nitrates |
Isosorbide dinitrate/mononitrate Orally or transdermally |
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Drugs that increase levels of digoxin |
Quinidine Amiderone Verapermil Ppi Clarithryomycin |
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Potassium |
Causes re-entry arrhythmias |
