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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Etiologies of dilated congestive cardiomyopathy?
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Alohcol abuse, beriberi, coxsackie B virus myocarditis, chronic cocaine use, chagas' disease, doxorubicin (chemotherapeutic agent), peripartum cardiomyopathy
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Reasons for systolic dysfunction?
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Dilated cardiomyopathy
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2 Reasons for diastolic dysfunction?
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hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; restrictive/obliterative cardiomyopathy (fibrotic condition)
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Clinical signs of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
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loud s4, apical impulses, systolic murmur. can hear carotid pulse (spike & dome carotid); LVEDP is increased to compensate for decreased compliance, and SV/EJ can be normal in early stages.
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Histological finding in pulmonary edema due to CHF?
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hemosiderin-laden macrophages ("heart failure" cells) in lungs
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Pathogen in acute bacterial endocarditis?
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S. aureus
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Pathogen in subacute bacterial endocarditis; and 2 possible PMH conditions?
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Strep viridans; was previously associated with dental procedures sequelae, as well as previously damaged valves.
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Clinical findings in bacterial endocarditis?
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Fever, Roth's spots, Osler's nodes, murmur, Janeway lesions, anemia, nailbed hemorrhage, emboli (Bacteria FROM JANE)
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Clinical findings in rheumatic fever:
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Fever, Erythema marginatum, valvular damage (vegetation, fibrosis), ESR elevated, Red-hot joints (polyarthritis), subcutaneous nodeuls, st. vitus dance (chorea)
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Cardiac tamponade findings
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hypotension, increased venous pressure (jvd), distant heart sounds (through the fluid), increased heart rate (hypotension), pulsus paradoxus, beat to beat QRS alternations in height on ECG
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Liebman Sacks endocarditis
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vegetations on both sides of the valve, associated with MR, less commonly MS. seen in LUPUS
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Etiologies of pericarditis
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Serous - SLE/RA/vira/uremia
Fibrinous - uremia, MI (dressler's syndrome), RhF Hemorrhage - TB, malignancy (melanoma) |
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What is Dressler's syndrome?
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Fever, chest pain, friction rub, pleural effusion. Post-MI syndrome.
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ECG finding of pericarditis?
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ST elevation
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Treebark appearance of the aorta indicates?
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3rd degree syphilis
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What is the most frequent primary cardiac tumor i.n children?
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Rhabdomyoma, or tumor of striated muscle
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What is Kussmaul's sign?
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Increased JVD on inspiration due to right ventricular failure (normally, JVD decreases with inspiration)
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Hereditary form of telangiectasia? what is inheritance pattern? what is clinical presentation? which vessels does it affect?
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Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, autosomal dominant. Presents with nosebleeds and skin discolorations. Affects small vessels
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p-ANCA vasculitis?
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PAN, microscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss syndrome
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c-ANCA vasculitis?
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Wegener's granulomatosis
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Facial characteristics of Sturge Weber disease?
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port-wine stain
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura affects...?
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Children. Palpable purpura,arthralgia, intestinal hemorrhage, abdominal pain, melena. Follows URI's. Most common form of pediatric systemic vasculitis.
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Two vasculopaths that are associated with increased ESR
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temporal arteritis, takayasu's arteritis
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Clinical findings of Kawasaki disease
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disease affects small kids, acute necrotizing vasculitis of small vessels, fever, congested conjunctiva, changes in lips/oral mucosa, strawberry tongue, lymphadenitis. may develop coronary aneurysms.
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Findings of Takayasu's arteritis?
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Fever, arthritis, night sweats, myalgia, skin nodules, ocular disturbances, weak pulses in upper extremities. Fan my SKIN on Wednesday. With love from Takayasu.
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Indications for nitroglycerin
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angina, pulmonary edema
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ANP
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Causes diuresis, natriuresis
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