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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do we prepare for exercise?
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Mechanoreceptors and metaboreceptors send signals to the NTS to increase symp output to the heart to increase HR and symp cholinergics are fired to skeletal muscle to VASODILATE their vessels
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Is systolic or diastolic pressure raised during exercise?
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Systolic--decreased para outflow to heart and increased baroreceptor set point yields an increase in HR and MAP but not diastolic pressure increase because TPR goes down
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What is the limit of exercise?
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Stroke Volume
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What is the difference between dynamic exercise and isovolumetric exercise?
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Dynamic(biking, swimming) involves a small increase in systolic pressure and no increase in diastolic--Isovolumetric(weight lifting) involves an increase in both systolic and diastolic in order to push blood through contracting muscles
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Endurance training does what to maximum and resting heart rate?
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LOWERS them
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How does SV increase during exercise?
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EDV increases dramatically as you increase intensity of exercise because of vein constriction and ESV decreases as the heart works harder
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How does vasodilation in the skeletal muscles occur?
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Cholinergic impulses from the SNS stimulates M2 receptors in the muscles
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What are the physio changes that come with exercise?
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1. Increase in capillary density
2. Aerobic enzymes increase 3. Increase in number and size of mitochondria 4. Increase in pain tolerance to lactic acid |
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What in the muscles limits exercise?
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Lactic acid buildup from glycolytic metabolism causes fatigue to increase exponentially
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True/False: The distance between resting HR and maximum HR is much higher in trained individuals
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TRUE
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True/False: At rest, the CO is the same for a sedentary individual as a trained individual
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TRUE
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What changes happen as a result of endurance training vs. strength training?
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Endurance--increase volume of blood that the ventricle can hold(ventricle wall thickness slightly increases)
Strength--ventricular cavity is the same size but ventricle wall is thickened which increases ability to force blood through active muscles |
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What do we do in response to gravity?
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Symp output mainly constricts the veins so that veinous return can increase CO and increase BP--you also need skeletal muscle contraction to fully compensate
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What happens during a hemorrhage scenario?
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Decreased load on baroreceptor causes DECREASED firing up to the NTS, which causes an increase in sympathetic outflow--the CO is redistributed through intense vasoconstriction in the skin, skeletal muscle, renal, and GI circulation
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What effect does hemorrhagic acidosis have in the body?
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Acidosis from decreased organ perfusion stimulates the central and periph. chemoreceptors to enhance peripheral vasoconstriction
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What is one of the most powerful means we have of increasing plasma volume and restoring arterial pressure?
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Transcapillary fluid reabsorption due to increased precapillary resistance and decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure--plasma oncotic pressure is greater than precapillary pressure
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What do the kidneys do in response to hemorrhage?
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Increase renal reabsorption over long time period
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What is sympathetic escape?
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Loss of vascular tone resulting in progressive hypotension and organ hypoperfusion
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