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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nesiritide
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Recombinant BNP
Venous/arterial vasodilator Diuretic-like No inotropic action More not better Use: acute pulmonary edema |
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Metolazone
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Thiazide diuretic
Useful in HF HYPERcalcemia Sulfa |
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Cilostazol
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Platelet inhibitor
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Increase cAMP Incerase cGMP Use: Intermittent claudication (Weaker than others) |
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Milrinone
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Inhibits cAMP PDE III enzyme
Increase cAMP Increase contractility, vasodilation No change in HR |
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Eplerenone
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Aldosterone antagonist
w/o estrogen like effects |
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Bumetanide
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Loop diuretic
Ototoxicity Sulfa |
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Ezetamibe
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Blocks NPCILI (cholesterol transporter)
Prevents SI uptake of cholesterol from bile |
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Tirofiban
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Platelet Inhibitor
GP IIbIIIa inhibitor (competitive) Action in 5 minutes Met: renal Use: NSTEMI S/E: Bleeding 0.4-1.4% Thrombocytopenia |
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Statin
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Inhibits HMG CoA reductase
Decrease synthesis of cholesterol Increase LDL excretion by increase LDL clearance receptors Decrease stroke, decrease diabetes Increase doses help |
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Fibrates
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Activate PPAR pathway
Increase peroxismal FA oxidation Increase lipid transport proteins |
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Warfarin
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Blocks vitamin K dependent carboxylation
Decrease procoagulants (prothrombin, VII, IX, X) Decrease anticoagulants (protein C/S) Monitor INR 2-3 Give with heparin for 5 days or current INR Use: Afib, Mechanical heart valve, venous thromboembolism S/E: Bleeding |
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Levosimendan
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Calcium sensitizer
Increase contractility Less arrhythmia than dobutamine Only in Europe |
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Isosorbide mononitrate XL
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Oral, 12 hr, nitrate
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Digoxin
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Weak inotrope
Inhibits Na/K ATPase --> Increase Ca+ Parasympathomimetic Use: HF, AFib Renal NO survival benefit DDI: Quinidine (verapamil, amiodarone) |
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Abciximab
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Platelet Inhibitor
GP IIbIIIa inhibitor Ab against IIbIIIa T1/2: 30 min Met: renal Use: High risk angioplasty, PCI, UA/NSTEMI S/E: Bleeding 1.4-3.3, thrombocytopenia, antibodies |
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Epinephrine
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a1,a2, agonist
b1,b2 Inotropic, chronotropic, vasoconstrict Use in cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis |
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Lepirudin
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Thrombin inhibitor
Recombinate hirudin T1/2 = 60 min Monitor with aPTT Met: Renal Use: HIT S/E: antibodies slow excretion |
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Verapamil
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Vasodiate
CCB-Nondihydropyridine > Cardiac effect S/E: Dizzy, HA, flushing, const. GERD, CHF, brady, heart block Liver (CYP3A) Do not use in HF (EF < 40%) |
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Captopril
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RAAS Modulator
ACE-I Sulfa Cough Hyperkalemia Teratogenicity Kidney |
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Nitroglycerin
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Relax smooth muscles (vascular)
Decrease preload (venous dilate) NO Mortality benfit Short-acting Tachyphylaxis S/E: HA, flushing, tachy, hypoxia Avoid: Sildenafil |
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Furosemide
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Loop diuretic
Ototoxicity Sulfa |
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Propranolol
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B1, B2 blocker
Lipid (and T1/2, liver) Brain effect Asthmatics |
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Isoproterenol
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B1,B2 agonist
Strong inotropic/Chronotropic Weak Vasodilator Stimulate mycocytes after surgery |
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Fondaparinux
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Heparanoid
Petasaccharide = Increase antithrombin III No monitoring No antidote Met: renal Use: STEMI, USA, NSTEMI acute venouse thromboembolism and prophylaxis HIT negligible |
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Spironolactone
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RAAS Mod/Diuretic
Aldosterone antagonist K+ sparing diuretic Estrogen like - gynecomastia |
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Lisinopril
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RAAS Mod
ACE-I Cough, Increase K, Teratogenicity Kidney |
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Argotroban
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Thrombin inhibitor
Synthetic direct inhibitor T1/2=45 min Monitor aTTP Met: Liver Use: H.I.T. S/E: Bleeding |
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Nifedipine
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Vasodilate
CCB - dihydropyridine Greater vascular (more tachycardia) S/E: Dizzy, HA, flushing, constipation, GERD, CHF, brady, heart block Liver (CYP3A) Do not use HF (EF < 40%0 |
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Cholestyramine
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Binds cholesterol in bile, increases excretion
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Bisoprolol
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B1 blcoker
Liver and kidney Use in HF |
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Hydralazine/Isosorbide Dinitrate
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Vasodialtors, decrease PL, decrease AL
Useful for AA S/E: Reflex sympathotic lupus like syndrome |
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Sotalol
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Class III
K+ blocker, B blocker Renal Abnormal structure AFib Accessory pathway tachy |
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Vasopressin
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Analogue of ADH
Vassopressor Used in septic shock |
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Esmolol
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Ultra short acting B blocker
Perioperative |
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Eptifibatide
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Platelet Inhibitor
Syn GP IIbIIIa inhibitor IV T1/2 = 2.4 hours Met: renal Use: NSTEMI Pt PCI |
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Bivalirudin
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Thrombin inhibitor
Engineered hirudin T1/2 = 25 min Monitor aTTP Met: enzymatic /renal Use: high risk PCI S/E: bleeding |
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Ethacrynic acid
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Loop diuretic
Ototoxicity |
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Losartan
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RAAS Mod
ARB No Bradykinin S/E (Cough) |
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Enalapril
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RAAS Modulator
ACE-I Cough, Increase K, Teratogenicity Kidney |
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Reteplase
Alteplase Tenecteplase |
t-PA
Activates plasmin Use: clot busting S/E: stroke C/I: Hx of intracranial hemorrhage, neoplasm, head trauma 3 months, ischemic stroke 3 months, active bleeding, aortic dissection |
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Clopidogrel
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Platelet Inhibitor
Thienopyridine ADP receptor antagonist Use: UANSTEMI Stent placement Pt with ASA allergy Met: Hepatic S/E: Bleeding 1.4% TTP |
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Nicotinic Acid (Niacin)
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B Vitamin
Decreases synthesis of VLDL and IDL Decreases removal of HDL Decreases free FA release from adipocytes S/E: Flushing, burning sensation |
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Metoprolol
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B1 blocker
Lipid soluble (liver, decreas T1/2) Brain effect PM= Bad dreams Used in HF |
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Dobutamine
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Sympathomimetic
Stimulates B1 and B2 (B1 > B2 > a) Inotropic Some vasodilatation No Increased survival Use: Stress agent |
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Dipyridamole
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Platelet Inhibitor
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Increase cAMP/cGMP --> Decreased activation Use: Stroke prevention (w/ASA) Met: Liver S/E: Bleeding 1.8% |
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Carvedilol
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B blocker, a1 blocker
Lipid soluble (liver) Decreased afterload Antioxidant Used in HF |
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Isosorbide dinitrate
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Oral
Long-acting nitrate 4-6 hrs |
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Dopamine
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Low delta vasodilator
Mid delta B1 agonist inotropic High delta B1 alpha vasoconstriction |
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Phenylephrine
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a1 a2 agonist
Peripheral vasoconstriction Use septic shock |
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Heparin
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Heparinoid
Activates antithrombin III Unpredictable Monitor aTTP Negative charge Use: ACS, Acute venout thrombo embolism S/E: H.I.T. (platelet < 100,000) Neutralize with protamine |
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Enoxapirin
Dalteparin |
Lower molecular weight heparin
Factor Xa Predictable, dose on weight Met: renal Use: ACS, venous thromboembolism S/E: H.I.T. (Less likely) |
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Ramipril
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RAAS Mod
ACE-I Cough, Increase K Tetratogenicity Kidney |
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Aspirin
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Platelet Inhibitor
COX-I inhibitor T1/2 = 15 min Lasts platelet life 9-11 days Low dose more effective S/E: bleeding < 1% |
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Diltiazem
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Vasodilate
CCB - Non dihydropyridines Greater cardiac effect S/E Dizzy, HA, flushing, constipation, GERD, CHF, brady, heart block Liver (CYP3A) Do nor use HF (EF < 40%) |
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Norepinephrine
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a1,a2 90% agonist
b1 10% agonist vasoconstrictor (slight ino/chronotrophic) Use increased BP in septic shock |
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Amlodipine
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Vasodilate
CCB-dihydropyridine Greater vascular more tachycardia S/E dizzy, HA, flushing, constipation, GERD, CHF, brady, heartblock Liver (CYP3A) |
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Atenolol
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B1 blocker (decreased HR, decreased contract, decreased PVR (renin))
Water soluble (increased t1/2, kidney) |
