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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RAAS Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System |
Constriction of arterioles and veins Retention of water by kidneys Angiotension II- vasoconstriction Aldosterone- water retention |
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ACE Inhibitors Angiotension Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Captopril, Lisinopril |
Uses- HTN, HF, nephropathy, MI and CVA prevention Reduce levels of angiotensin II Admin- all oral except Enaliprat-IV. Administer with foods except catopril Prodrugs- must undergo activation in intestine and liver- except lisinopril Excreted by kidneys Adverse- first dose hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, renal failure, fetal injury, angioedema Drug Interactions- diuretics, antohypertensive agents, potassium sparing diuretics, lithium, NSAIDS |
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Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers Irbesartan, Losartan |
New class Uses- HTN, HF, nephropathy, MI, CVA prevention Adverse-angioedema, fetal harm, renal failure Drug Interactions- other antihypertensives Admin- PO |
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Aldosterone Receptor Blockers Eplerenone. Spironolactone |
Block receptors for aldosterone Uses- HTN, HF Adverse- hyperkalemia Drug Interactions- drugs that raise potassium levels, ACE inhibitors |
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Calcium Channel Blockers Verapamil, Amlodipine |
Drugs that prevent Ca ions from entering cells Effective on heart and blood vessels In vascular smooth muscle (VSM) if Ca channels are blocked, contraction will be prevented and vasodilation will result Act selectively on peripheral arterioles and arteries and arterioles of the heart Myocardium- Ca channels inhibited, contractile force will diminish SA node- when Ca channels close-PM activity declines- reduced HR AV node- when Ca channels close, decreased velocity of conduction through AV node Coupling of beta adrenergic receptors to cardiac Ca channels CCB and beta blockers have same effect of heart-reduce force of contraction through AV node |
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Verapamil |
Blocks Ca channels in the blood vessels and the heart Uses- angina, HTN, cardiac dysrhythmias, vasodilation, reduced arterial pressure, increased coronary perfusion Admin- oral and IV Adverse- constipation, dizziness, facial flushing, HA, edema, bradycardia, AV block Drug Interactions- digoxin, beta blockers |
