Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what happens at the PCT
|
workhorse of nephron thus everything is reabsorbed but H
Na H20 Bicarbonate Glucose AA Vitamins K Ca Cl |
|
|
what happens at the descending LOH
|
Reabsorption of WATER ONLY
|
|
|
what happens at the ascending LOH
|
Na, Cl, Ca, Mg, some K reabsorption
some K is lost to urine and creates force to drive Ca and Mg reabsorption no water reabsorption! |
|
|
what happens in the DCT
|
Na, Cl, Ca reabsorbed
no water reabsorption unless ADH acts on it |
|
|
what happens at the CD
|
Na and water reabsorption
K excretion into liver |
|
|
where is water not reabsorbed in kidney
|
Ascending Loop of Henle
DCT unless ADH is there |
|
|
where is water reabsorbed in kidney
|
PCT, descending LOH, DCT when ADH there, and CD
|
|
|
COLT Pee
|
CAI work @ PCT
Osmotics work @ loop Loop work @ Ascending LOH Thiazides work @ DCT Potassium sparing work @ CD |
|
|
what is unique about CD
|
K is excreted
|
|
|
what do diuretics do
|
they cause the opp to happen wherever they work at
|
|
|
what are the diuretics available
|
CAI
Osmotics Loop Diuretics Thiazides K sparring |
|
|
acetozolamide (diamox)
|
CAI
|
|
|
furosemide (lasix)
|
loop diuretic
|
|
|
ethacrynic acid
|
loop diuretic
|
|
|
hydrochlorothiazide
|
thiazide
|
|
|
aldosterone
|
cause K excretion
|
|
|
spironolactone
|
k sparing
|
|
|
mannitol
|
osmotic
|
|
|
where do CAI work
|
PCT
|
|
|
where do loop diuretics work
|
Ascending LOH
|
|
|
what drug works on DLOH
|
none specificly but osmotics work everywhere in nephron
|
|
|
where do thiazides work
|
DCT
|
|
|
where do K sparing diuretics work
|
CD
|
|
|
where do osmotics work
|
everywhere in nephron
|
|
|
acetozolamide (diamox)
MOA USe Action Side effects |
MOA: works on PCT and inhibits CA thus bicarbonate not made so Na and bicarbonate are not reabsorbed
actions: excretion of Na and bicarb use: glaucoma, alkanilize urine, metabolic acidosis, altitude sickness side effects: metabolic acidosis; sulfa allergies |
|
|
what should never be in urine
|
glucose and protein
|
|
|
furosemide (lasix)
MOA use action side effects |
MOA: works at ascending LOH and inhibits Na/Cl/K cotransport
actions: Na/K/Cl/Ca/Mg lost in urine use: edema for CHF, cirrhosis, nephritic syndrome, HTN, hypercalcemia side effects: ototoxicity, hypokalemia, dehyydration, sulf,nephritis, gout |
|
|
ethacrynic acid
|
works like furosemide
but doesnt have sulfa so safe for pts with sulfa allergies |
|
|
what does furosemide due
|
decreases BP
|
|
|
hydrochlorothiazide
|
works on DCT and inhibits the Na/Cl pump causing Na, Cl urine exretion BUT Ca reabsorption!
|
|
|
use of thaizides
|
HTN
CHF hypercalciuria |
|
|
side effects of thiazides
|
hypokalemia
metabolic acidosis hyperglycemia hypernatremia hyperlipidemia sulfa allergies |
|
|
Aldosterone works where
|
CD
|
|
|
what does aldosterone do
|
increases reabsorption of Na with H2O following
excretion of K and H |
|
|
aldosterone causes what
|
Increase BP & HYPOKALEMIA
|
|
|
Aldosterone doesnt spare what
|
K
|
|
|
what spares K
|
K sparing diuretics; anatgonize aldosterone
|
|
|
what is a K sparing diuretic
|
spiroloactone
|
|
|
where do K sparing work
|
CD
|
|
|
why do K sparing work at CD
|
because CD is place where most K is lost in urine
|
|
|
Spiroloactone blocks
|
aldosterone
|
|
|
use of K sparing
|
Hyperaldosteronism
K depletion CHF |
|
|
side effects of K sparing
|
hyperkalemia
gynecomastia antiandrogen effects |
|
|
what do osmotics like manitol do
|
increase osmolarity thus increasing urine flow
|
|
|
osmotic use
|
shock
drug overdose decrease intracranial pressure and IOP |
|
|
osmotic side effect
|
pulmonary edema
dehydration CHF |
|
|
diuretics do what to NaCl in urine
|
increase it
|
|
|
diuretics do what to urine K
|
increases except for K sparing ones
|
|
|
blood pH is decreased (acidic) w/
|
CAI
K sparring |
|
|
blood pH is high (basic) w/
|
loop diuretics
thiazides |
|
|
urine Ca is increased w
|
loop diuretics
|
|
|
urine Ca is decreased w
|
thiazides
|
|
|
drug that increases urinary excretion of uric acid thus decreasing serum urate levels
|
probenecid
|
|
|
use of probenecid
|
gout
|
|
|
probenecid side effects
|
HA
dizzy GI uric acid stones dermatitis hematuria |
|
|
colchicine
|
used for gout
|
|
|
colchicine MOA
|
blunts uric acid crystals thus inhibiting them from joining together and making big one
|
|
|
colchicine side effects
|
diarrhea
BM depression alopecia |
