Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is cardiomyopathy |
To describe a group of heart muscle diseases that primarily affect the structural or functional ability of The myocardium |
|
|
Dilated cardiomyopathy |
Characterized by ventricular dilation, dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common type of primary cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
Results in increased size and mass of the heart because of increased muscle thickness especially the set the wall and increase ventricular size |
|
|
Restrictive cardiomyopathy |
Ventricular walls are rigid, limiting the ventricles ability to expand and resulting in impaired diastolic filling |
|
|
PATCHES |
Pulses Appearance Temperature Capillary refill Hardness Edems Sensation |
|
|
Compare pain symptom in arterial & venous disorders |
Arterial = aching to Sharp cramping, brought on by exercise, relieved by rest
Venous = aching to cramping pain, relief activity or elevating extremity |
|
|
Compare Pulse signs in arterial and venous disorders |
Arterial = diminished or absent Venous = usually present |
|
|
Compare edema symptom in arterial & venous disorders |
Arterial = usually absent Venous = usually present, increases at the end of the day and when extremity is in a dependent position |
|
|
Compare skin changes sign (symptom) in arterial & venous disorders |
Arterial = cool or cold, dry shiny, hairless, pallor develops with elevation, becomes erythematous with dangling Venous = warm thick and toughened, darkened pigmentation, statis ulcers |
|
|
What is the majority of all diagnose hypertension |
Essential (primary) hypertension |
|
|
Essential hypertension |
No General agreement on the cause Theories to explain mechanisms involved include arteriolar changes, sympathetic nervous system activation, hormonally influence, genetic factors, greater than ideal body weight,sedentary lifestyle, increase sodium intake and excessive alcohol intake |
|
|
Modifiable risk factors for essential hypertension |
Smoking constrict blood vessels Obesity increase blood volume High sodium. Increases water retention Elevated serum cholesterol Narrows blood vessels Oral contraceptives / estrogen May contribute to elevated blood pressure Alcohol increases plasma catecholamines Emotional stress stimulate sympathetic nervous system which leads to blood vessel constriction Sedentary lifestyle regular exercise helps lower blood pressure overtime |
|
|
Causes of secondary hypertension |
Renal vascular disease, Cushing syndrome and diseases of the adrenal cortex, coarctation (narrowing) of the aorta, head trauma or cranial tumor, pregnancy induced hypertension |
|
|
What are some drug therapies for stage 1 or 2 hypertension |
Diuretics, beta adrenergic blockers, ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, Alpha-agonists, aliskiren hemifumarate (tekturna) = 1st direct renin inhibitor |
|
|
name some nonpharmacologic therapy |
lose excess weight, exercise regularly, consume enough potassium, calcium & magnesium; limit alcohol intake; reduce sodium intake; stop smoking; relaxation techniques & stress management |
