Cardiac Terms

Front 1

Angioma

Back 1

Tumor composed of blood vessels

Front 2

Angiostenosis

Back 2

Narrowing of a blood vessel

Front 3

Aortic stenosis

Back 3

Narrowing, pertaining to aorta (narrowing of the aortic valve)

Front 4

Arteriosclerosis

Back 4

Hardening of the arteries

Front 5

Atherosclerosis

Back 5

Hardening of fatty plaque (deposited on the arterial wall)

Front 6

Bradycardia

Back 6

Condition of a slow heart rate less than 60 beats per minute

Front 7

Cardiomegaly

Back 7

Enlargement of the heart

Front 8

Cardiomyopathy

Back 8

Disease of the heart muscle

Front 9

Endocarditis

Back 9

Inflammation of the inner (lining) of the heart (particularly heart valves)

Front 10

Ischemia

Back 10

Deficiency in blood (flow); (caused by constriction or obstruction of blood vessel)

Front 11

Myocarditis

Back 11

Inflammation of the muscle of the heart

Front 12

Pericarditis

Back 12

Inflammation of the sac surrounding heart

Front 13

Phlebitis

Back 13

Inflammation of a vein

Front 14

Polyarteritis

Back 14

Inflammation of many sites in the arteries

Front 15

Tachycardia

Back 15

Condition of a rapid heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute

Front 16

Thrombophlebitis

Back 16

Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot

Front 17

Valvulitis

Back 17

Inflammation of a valve of the heart

Front 18

Erythrocytopenia

Back 18

Abnormal reduction of red blood cells, also known as anemia

Front 19

Hematoma

Back 19

Tumor of blood (collection that has leaked out of a broken vessel into the surrounding tissue)

Front 20

Leukocytopenia

Back 20

Abnormal reduction of white blood cells, also called leukopenia

Front 21

Multiple myeloma

Back 21

Tumors of the bone marrow (a blood malignancy that most often occurs after age 65. Signs and symptoms may include bone pain, infections, weight loss, anemia, and fatigue)

Front 22

Pancytopenia

Back 22

Abnormal reduction of all blood cells

Front 23

Thrombocytopenia

Back 23

Abnormal reduction of blood clotting cells (platelets)

Front 24

Thrombosis

Back 24

Abnormal condition of a blood clot

Front 25

Thrombus

Back 25

Blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein

Front 26

Lymphadentitis

Back 26

Inflammation of lymph nodes

Front 27

Lymphadenopathy

Back 27

Disease of lymph nodes (characterized by abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes associated with an infection or malignancy)

Front 28

Lymphoma

Back 28

Tumor of lymphatic tissue (malignant)

Front 29

Splenomegaly

Back 29

Enlargement of the spleen

Front 30

Thymoma

Back 30

Tumor of the thymus gland

Front 31

Arterial fibrillation (AFib)

Back 31

Cardiac arrhythmia characterized by chaotic, rapid electrical impulses in the atria. The atria quiver instead of contracting, causing an irregular ventricular response. Not all the blood is ejected with each contraction, and the remaining blood flow becomes turbulent. This increases the risk of clot formation.

Front 32

Cardiac arrest

Back 32

Sudden cessation of cardiac output and effective circulation, which requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Front 33

Cardiac tamponade

Back 33

Acute compression of the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial cavity

Front 34

Coarctation of the aorta

Back 34

Congenital stenosis (narrowing) which occurs in the arch of the aorta

Front 35

Congenital heart disease

Back 35

Heart abnormality present at birth

Front 36

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Back 36

Condition that reduces the flow of blood through the coronary arteries to the myocardium that may progress to depriving the heart tissue of sufficient oxygen and nutrients to function normally; most often caused by coronary atherosclerosis. CAD is a common cause of heart failure and myocardial infarction

Front 37

Cor pulmonale

Back 37

Enlargement of the heart's right ventricle due to pulmonary disease

Front 38

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Back 38

Condition of thrombus (clot) in a deep vein of the body. Most often occurs in the lower extremities. A clot, or part of a clot, can break off and travel to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism

Front 39

Heart failure (HF)

Back 39

Condition in which there is an inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the petitions and organs with nutrients and oxygen (also called congestive heart failure)

Front 40

Hypertensive heart disease (HHD)

Back 40

Disorder of the heart caused by persistent high blood pressure; it may be associated with hypertrophy (abnorma thickening of the heart muscle) or dilation of the chambers of the heart (due to thinning and stretching of the heart muscle)

Front 41

Intermittent claudication

Back 41

Condition of pain, tension and weakness in a limb that starts when walking is begun, increases until walking is no longer possible, and then completely resolves when the patient as at rest. It is caused by reversible muscle ischemia that occurs with peripheral artery disease

Front 42

Mitral valve stenosis

Back 42

Narrowing of the mitral valve from scarring, usually cause by episodes of rheumatic fever

Front 43

Myocardial infarction

Back 43

Death (necrosis) of a portion of the myocardium caused by lack of oxygen resulting from an interrupted blood supply (also called heart attack)

Front 44

Peripheral artery disease (PAD)

Back 44

Disease of the arteries in the arms and legs, resulting in narrowing or complete obstruction of the artery. This is caused most commonly by artheroclerosis, but occasionally by inflammatory diseases, emboli, or thrombus formation. The most common symptom is intermittent claudication (also called peripheral vascular disease PVD)

Front 45

Rheumatic heart disease

Back 45

Damage to the heart muscle or heart valves caused by one or more episodes of rheumatic fever

Front 46

Varicose veins

Back 46

Distended or tortuous veins usually found in the lower extremities

Front 47

Anemia

Back 47

Condition in which there is a reduction in the number of erythrocytes (RBCs). May be caused by blood loss, by decreased production of RBCs, or by increased destruction of RBCs

Front 48

Embolus

Back 48

Blood clot or foreign material, such as air or fat, that enters the blood stream and moves until it lodges at another point in the circulation

Front 49

Hemophilia

Back 49

Inherited bleeding disease most commonly caused by a deficiency of the coagulation factor VIII

Front 50

Leukemia

Back 50

Malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal leukocytes (white blood cells) formed in the bone marrow

Front 51

Sepsis

Back 51

Systemic inflammatory response caused by pathogenic microorganisms, usually bacteria, entering the blood stream and multiplying; life-threatening condition, which may lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death. The overwhelming presence of pathogens in the blood is called septicemia

Front 52

Extracorporeal

Back 52

Occurring outside the body. During open heart surgery, occurs when blood is diverted outside the body to a heart-lung machine

Front 53

Extravasation

Back 53

Escape of blood or other fluid from a vessel into the tissue