Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is clonidine?
|
Alpha 2 (vascular) agonist in the brain. Methyldopa is also a centrally acting sympathetolytics
|
|
|
Name two periperhal acting sympathetolytics.
|
Guanathedine, resperpine
|
|
|
Guanathedine and reserpine interfere with _______
|
catechlomaines (SNS)
|
|
|
What two sympathetolytics are permeable to the blood brain barrier?
|
Clonidine, Reserpine
|
|
|
What is the site of action of prazosin?
|
alpha 1 specific--blocks receptors at the tissues
|
|
|
What are the side effects of prazosin?
|
First dose effect (should be taken at night), edema
|
|
|
What is the site of action of propranolol?
|
Non-specific beta blocker; acts on tissues themselves.
|
|
|
What effects does propranolol have?
|
vasodilator, decrease cardiac output
|
|
|
What adverse effects does propranolol have?
|
Rebound hypertension, asthma.
|
|
|
Does propranolol cause an increase or decrease in receptors?
|
Increase
|
|
|
Does clonidine cause more or less receptors to be produced?
|
Less (due to overstimulation of alpha 2 receptors in brain)
|
|
|
What is the site of action of nitroprusside?
|
Arterial smooth muscles (on receptors)
|
|
|
What are the adverse effects of nitroprusside?
|
cyanide poison
|
|
|
What is the method of action of minoxidil?
|
Potassium Channel Opener--prevents influx of calcium to prevent contraction.
|
|
|
What's an adverse effect of minoxidil?
|
Hirsutism
|
|
|
What are some general adverse effects of vasodilators?
|
Edema, hypotension, increased heartrate
|
|
|
What type of vasodilator is contraindicated for pregnant women?
|
ACE inhibitors
|
|
|
What is the name of a common ACE inhibitor?
|
Captopril
|
|
|
What is the method of action of ACE inhibitors?
|
Inhibits conversion of Angiotensin 1 to angiotensin II.
|
|
|
What effects do ACE inhibitors have?
|
Decrease fluid volume by decreasing aldosterone
Relax smooth muscles |
|
|
What are the adverse effects of captopril?
|
not appropriate for infants, dry cough, renal failure
|
|
|
What's the method of action of Losartan?
|
Angiotensin II antagonist
|
|
|
What is the main adverse effect that varies between Losartan and Captopril?
|
Losartan does not produce a dry cough.
|
|
|
What effects does digitalis produce?
|
increases contractility, cardiac output, relieves edema by inhibiting sodium/chloride ATPase
|
|
|
Which cardiovascular heart failure drugs increase lifespan?
|
diuretics, vasodilators, ace inhibitors, beta antagonists
|
|
|
What are some adverse effects of digitalis?
|
arrythmia, low K+ serum levels, nausea, visual disturbances, halos
|
|
|
Does digitalis have a long or short half life?
|
Digitalis has a long half life.
|
|
|
What is the method of action of phosphodiesterase inhibitors and what do they do?
|
They increase the force of contraction by increasing calcium in the cell (raises cAMP)
|
|
|
How does propranolol treat heart failure?
|
Propranolol is a beta antagonist, which reduces sympathetic activity and cardiac output
|
|
|
What is the main adverse effect of calcium channel blockers?
|
Tachycardia
|
