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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is atropine used for??
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Braducardia and AV block
anticolinesterase poisoining, IBS |
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what should you rmemeber about atropine when its first given
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it can slow th eheart rate at first becasue of central vagal stimulaiton
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what does anticholinergic mean?
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blocks acetlcholine. inhibits parasympathetic nerve impusle,
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list the common effects of anticholinergics
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ataxia, xerostomia, increase body temp, midriasis, tachycardia, diplopia,
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what does atropine do?
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increase heart rate adn conduction velocit, causes smooth muslce relaxation adn decrease exocrine gland secretion
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drug interaction of atropine
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additive antocholinergic when used with histamine and tricyclics. it slows absorptionof other drugs by delaying gastric emptying
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what is Sildenafil (Viagra)
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vasodialator used for ED
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drug interactions with viagra
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use of nitrates can cause reflex tachycardia, angina and death from MI
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what is Pseudoephedrine (sudafed)
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decongestant that for nasal congesiton for allergic and viral rhinitis adn sinusitis ..orally
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Propranolol (inderal)
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B-adrenergic antagonist to decrease heart rate, CO, bP, adn heart O2 demand
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What disorders is propranolol used for?
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Angina, HTN, post MI, cardiomyopathy...
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drung interaction with propranolol
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additive hypotensive DO with nitrates and antihypertensive drugs, additive bradycardia with digoxin, decrease the effect of dopamine,
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what is phenylephrin?
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vasoconstrictor/decongestiant. it is a selevtive A adreno agonist
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what DO is phenylephine used for?
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nasal and ocular decongestiant,
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what is pilocarpine used for?
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treats glaucoma adn dry mouth it is an antiglaucoma agent
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what drug is used for overactive bladder and incontinence?
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Solifenacin (VESIcare)
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What is Succinylcholine used for?
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temp muscle relaxantfor intubation and sx has a short duration of action. it is a paralytic agent . but becareful! can cause resp paralysis and apnea
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what is dopamine used for?
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hypotension from shock . affects alpha nad beta receptors to increase CO, BP and renal perfusion
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what should you do before dopamine admin?
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to correct hymdynamic imbalancee in shock due to MI, trauma...
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AE of dopamine
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tachyarrythmias, angina, palpitation, dyspea, hypotension adn vasoconstriction most serious vent. arrythmia
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considerations with dopamine
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do not stop abruptly
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what is fenaldopam used for?
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for htn dont give with BBloack ad diuretic
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what do you monitor for fenaldopam?
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heart rate and BP
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stimulation of alpha 1
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vasoconstriction, increase resistance, increase bp, mydriassi
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stimulaiton of alpha 2
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decrease release of norepinephrine, vasodilation with a resultant decrease in BP
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stimulaiton of beta1
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causes tachycardia, increase contractility
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stimulation of beta 2
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bronchodilation, vasodilation, decreased periphral reistnace, increase release of glucagon, relaxation of uterine smooth miscles
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what doe sphenylephrine do
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raise bp constricts blood vessels treats hypotension from shock related to vascular failure
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what is pilocarpine used for?
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simple and acute glaucoma, preop and post op intraocular tension, mydriasea and xerostoma
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major CI of pilocarpine
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severe resp dx
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mose common ae of pilocarpine
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blurred vision, myopia
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most serios ci of pilocarpine
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cholinergic bronchospasm
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what is cholinergfic crisis
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central resp system paralysis, excessive tracheobroncho and salivary secretion, bronchospasm and laryngeospasm canc ause resp failure also muscle teitching adn paralysis
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how do you reverse a choinergic crisis
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atropine
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what is atropine
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anticholinergic given in ermgency situatioan like severe bradycardia or during CPR also preop to reduce pulm secretion
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CI of atropine?
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MI
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SE of atropine
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dry mouth constipation blurred vision most serious is carduac arrythmias
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drug used for mysthanea gravis
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neostigmine
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nicotine caution
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can induve AE i pt with preexisting cv DO
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action of atropine
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increase heart rate
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excess cholinergic stimulation causes what?
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salivation, cramps, n/v, flushing, sweating
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what is lovastatis
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treat hyperlipidemia it lowers LDL, tryglycerides and total cholesterol and increases HDL
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CI ot lovastatis
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elevated liver enzymes and pregnancy category X and breastfeeding
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important on lovastatin therapy
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montor liver enzymes for a year. teach pt to ocntinue low fat diet
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serious AE of lovastatin
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Rhabdomyolysis and myopathy
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what is Rhabdomyolysis
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rare acute sometimes fatal where there direct injury to plasma membrane of skeletal muscles- increase in CK and CPK.= brown urine, lead to acute renal failure and death
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what is antitussive drug? what does it do?
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suppress cough reflex like dextromethrophan
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what is dextrometherophan
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manage nonproductive cough
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Ci to dextrometherphan
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cough related to emphysema or asthma
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AE of dextromethrophan
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drowsiness and dizzines
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decongestant drug
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pseudoephedrin
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Pseudoephedrin used for
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nasal congestion
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what should you do with pseudoephedrine
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use wiht humidifier and increase fluid intake
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what is guaifenesin
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expectorant . used to maange dry cough make sure good pulm hygene
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drug used for cystic fibrosis
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acetylcycstene ..also foe tylenol OD
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