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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adenosine (Adenocard)
Antidysrhythmic |
MOA: slows HR by acting directly on the sinus pacemaker cells by slowing impulse formation
Indications: conversion of PSVT to sinus rhythm Contraindications: sick sinus syndrome -Asthma/COPD Side effects: dyspnea, hypotension, cardiac arrest, metallic taste Dose: Adult -6mg IV, 1-3min, 12mg after 2 min Ped -0.1mg/kg IV, rapid push, 0.2mg/kg Max-12mg |
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Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone)
Antidysrhythmic |
MOA: Blocks sodium channels and myocardial potassium channels, delaying repolarization and increasing the duration of action potential
Indications: V-Fib -Pulseless V-Tach Contraindications: cardiogenic shock -Second or third degree AV block (no pacemaker) -Severe sinus node dysfunction Side effects: malaise, ataxia, lack of coordination, CHF, prolonged QT interval Dose: Adult -300mg->150mg IV/IO Ped -5mg/kg IV/IO, max 15mg/kg/24hrs, 300mg max single dose |
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Digoxin (Lanoxin) |
MOA: rapid acting cardiac glycoside with direct and indirect effects
Indications: CHF
Contraindications: v-fib
Side effects: blurred yellow or green vision, confusion, seizures, bradycardia, dysrhthmia, anorexia
Dose: Adult |
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Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Calcium channel blocker, antidysrhythmic |
MOA: slow calcium channel blocker that blocks calcium ion influx during depolarization of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle
-Decreases peripheral vascular resistance and causes relaxation of the vascualar smooth muscle, resulting in a decrease of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure -Reduces preload and afterload -Reduces myocardial oxygen demand Indications: Controls rapid ventricular rates due to a-fib, a-flutter, and reentry SVT Contraindications: hypotension -Sick sinus syndrome* -Second or third degree AV block* *no functioning pacemaker -Cardiogenic shock -Wide complex tachycardia -Poison or drug induced tachycardia Side effects: dizziness, weakness, headache, dyspnea, cough, CHF, dystrhythmias, bradycardia, hypotension, syncope, v-fib, v-tach, cardiac arrest Dose: Adult Initial- 0.25 mg/kg (15-20mg average) IV over 2 min May rebolus in 15 min- 0.25mg/kg (20-25mg average) IV over2 minutes Maintenance infusion- 5015mg/h titrated to appropriate heart rate Peds NR |
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Lidocaine hydrochloride (Xylocaine)
Antidysrhythmic |
MOA: decreases automaticity by slowing the rate of spontaneous phase 4 depolarization
Indications: alternative to amiodarone in cardiac arrest from v-tach, v-fib, stable wide complex tachycardia with normal baseline QT interval, stable monomorphic VT with preserved ventricular function Contraindications: second or third degree AV block (no functioning pacemaker) -Stokes Adams syndrome -Prophylactic use in AMI -Wide complex ventricular escape beats with bradycardia Side effects: seizures, slurred speech, respiratory arrest, hypotension, cardiac arrest, AV block Dose: Adult- -cardiac arrest/pulseless v-tach/v-fib; 1-1.5mg/kg IV/IO. Repeat dose0.5-0.75mg/kg IV/IO 5-10 minutes Max dose 3mg/kg |
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Atropine sulfate |
MOA: Inhibits the action of ATC at postganglionic parasypmathetic neuroeffector sites
bradycardia 0.5mg IV/IO max 3mg bradycardia 0.02mg/kg IV/IO |
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Aspirin (ASA, Bayer, acetylsalicylic acid) Anti-Platelet, pyralytic |
MOA: prevents platelets from clumping together, or aggregating, and forming emboli
Indications: cardiac chest pain -Fever
Contraindications: active ulcer disease and asthma
Side Effects: anaphylaxis, wheezing in allergic pts, reye syndrome
Dose: Adult 81-325mg PO, chewed -NR for peds |
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Furosemide (Lasix)
Loop diuretic |
MOA: blocks the absorption of sodium and chloride at the distal and proximal tubules and the loop of Henle, causing increased urine output
Indications: CHF -Pulmonary edema -Hypertensive crisis Contraindications: hypovolemia -Anuria -Hypotension -Hepatic coma -Suspected electrolyte imbalances Side effects: ECG changes, weakness, dry mouth, dysrhythmias, diarrhea, headache Dose: Adult 0.5-1mg/kg IV over 1-2min, double if no response, slow push Ped 1mg/kg IV/IO |
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Vasopressen (Pitressin)
Vasopressor, antidiuretic |
MOA: stimulation of smooth muscle receptors
-Potent vasoconstrictor when given in high doses Indications: alternative vasopressor to the first of second dose of epinephrine in cardiac arrest, alternative to epinephrine in asystole, PEA (pulseless electrical activity) Contraindications: Use with caution in patients with coronary artery disease, epilepsy, or heart failure Side effects: bronchial constriction, MI, Chest pain, angina, cardiac dysrhythmia, decreased cardiac output Dose: Adults -40U one time dose IV/IO as second or third dose of epi; 0.02-0.04 U/min continuous Peds -0.4-1unit/kg IV/IO; MAX 40 units as a second or third dose of epinephrine in cardiac arrest |
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Nitroglycerin (nitrostat, Nitro-bid, Tridil)
Vasodilator |
MOA: Reduces preload and afterload
-Smooth muscle relaxant acting on vasculature, bronchial, uterine, intestinal smooth muscle Indications: acute angina pectoris -Ischemic chest pain -Hypertension -CHF -Pulmonary edema Contraindications: hypotension -Hypovolemia -Intracranial bleeding or head injury -ED drugs in the last 24 hours -Severe bradycardia/tachycardia -Pericardial tamponade Side effects: Syncope, hypotension, muscle twitching, reflex tachycardia Dose: Adult 0.3-0.4mg subling max 3 doses 5-200mcg/min IV |
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Labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate)
Selective alpha and nonselective beta adrenergic blocker, antihypertensive |
MOA: blood pressure reduction without reflex tachycardia
-Total peripheral resistance reduced without significant alteration in cardiac output Indications: moderate to severe hypertension Contraindications: bronchial asthma -CHF -Cardiogenic shock -Second and third degree heart block -Bradycardia Side effects: depression, headache, dizziness, bronchospasms, wheezing, dyspnea, bradycardia, CHF Dose: Adult 10mg IV push, 1-2minutes; may repeat or double every 10 min; MAX 150mg; Infusion 2-8mg/min titrated to supine BP |
