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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What elements do carbohydrates contain?
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Carbon
Hyrdrogen Oxygen |
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How do plants make carbohydrates?
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Photosynthesis
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What does the term sugar describe?
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Monosaccharides
Disaccarides |
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Monosaccharides include....
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Glucose
Fructose Galactose |
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Monosaccharides are linked but what bond?
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Glycosidic bonds
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How are monosaccharides formed?
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On condensation reactions
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Disaccarides include.....
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Maltose
Sucrose (cane sugar) Lactose (milk sugar) |
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What are disaccarides?
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2 monosaccharides linked together.
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What is starch used for in plants?
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Storage
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What does cellulose do?
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Gives strength to plant cell walls.
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How many carbons does glucose have?
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6, it is a hexose.
Formula - C H O |
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What is a 'reducing sugar'?
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Some sugars can reduce other chemicals.
Sugar can donate electrons to other substances. |
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What is used in testing for reducing sugar?
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Benedict's solution
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What colour is the precipitate if reducing sugar is present?
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Orange/red
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Which are reducing sugars?
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Glucose
Fructose Galactose Maltose Lactose |
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Which is not a reducing sugar?
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Sucorse
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What is sucrose a bond of?
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1 molecule of glucose +
1 molecule of fructose |
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What is lactose a bond of?
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Glucose + galactose
(disaccharide) |
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What is maltose a bond of?
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2 glucose molecules
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What is the single largest provider of energy?
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Starch
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Starch has 3 properties necessary for storage compounds ..........
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Compact
Insoluble Readily accessible when needed. |
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Starch is a mixture of which 2 compounds?
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Amylose
Amlyopectin. |
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What is glycogen?
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The main storage carbohydrate in humans.
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Where is glycogen stored in humans?
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The liver and muscles.
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What happens when the glyogen stores run out in humans?
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Lipid stores are used.
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What is cellulose?
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Polysaccharide.
Gives strength and rigidity to plant cell walls. |
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Humans can not digest?
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Cellulose.
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What enzyme is needed to digest cellulose?
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Cellulase.
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Individual cellulose molecules are long unbranched chains containing many ....
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glycosidic linkages.
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What are the strong bundles of chains called in cellulose?
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Microfibrils.
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