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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the two simple sugars?
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Monoscharrides and Dissacharides
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one and two in scientific terms
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What are the 3 types of monosaccharides?
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glucose, galactose, fructose
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G
G F |
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What are the 3 dissacharides?
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maltose, lactose, sucrose
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M
L S |
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What 2 dissacharides make up maltose?
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glucose + glucose
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·G + G = M
·the same monosaccharides |
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What 2 disaccharides make up lactose
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galactose + glucose
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G + G = M
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What 2 dissacharides make up sucrose?
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glucose + fructose
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G + F = S
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Which dissachride is most present in foods (such as fruits) and plants?
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sucrose
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What are the three types of complex Carboyhydrates?
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Starch, glycogen, cellulose
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Describe the branches of a starch.
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linked in long, glucose branched, chains
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Describe the branches of glyogen.
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chains are longer than starch and highly branched
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Where is glucose stored?
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in the liver and muscles
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What are the properties of fiber? (5)
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cholesterol, fiber, minerals, toxins, waters
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C
F M T W |
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Is there an RDA for fiber intake?
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No.
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Describe enzymes characteristics (4).
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·Proetein catalysts
·specificity - very high substrate ·cannot absorbe enzymes or proteins ·no biological benefits |
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Where does carbohydrate digestion begin?
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the mouth
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What are the two simple sugars?
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Monoscharrides and Dissacharides
|
one and two in scientific terms
|
|
|
What are the 3 types of monosaccharides?
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glucose, galactose, fructose
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G
G F |
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What are the 3 dissacharides?
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maltose, lactose, sucrose
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M
L S |
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What 2 dissacharides make up maltose?
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glucose + glucose
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·G + G = M
·the same monosaccharides |
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What 2 disaccharides make up lactose
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galactose + glucose
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G + G = M
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What 2 dissacharides make up sucrose?
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glucose + fructose
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G + F = S
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Which dissachride is most present in foods (such as fruits) and plants?
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sucrose
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What are the three types of complex Carbohydrates?
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Starch, glycogen, cellulose
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Describe the branches of a starch.
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linked in long, glucose branched, chains
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Describe the branches of glyogen.
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chains are longer than starch and highly branched
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Where is glucose stored?
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in the liver and muscles
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What are the properties of fiber? (5)
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cholesterol, fiber, minerals, toxins, waters
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Is there an RDA for fiber intake?
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No.
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Describe enzymes characteristics (4).
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·Proetein catalysts
·specificity - very high substrate ·cannot absorbe enzymes or proteins ·no biological benefits |
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Where does carbohydrate digestion begin?
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the mouth
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If no carbohydrates are consumed and there are no glucose left, what happens?
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Glycogen is released
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What is the Kreb cycle suppose to make?
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Acetylcoa
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What type of food has the least amount of carbohydrates?
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flesh food (Meat)
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What is believed to be the better sweetener in the last 10 years?
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fructose
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not sugar
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Why is sugar better than honey?
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honey has less air and more carbs = more calories
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Where did miling start?
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in Britain
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What are some drawbacks from miling?
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causes loss of nutrients
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What is hypoglycemia?
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low blood sugar
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Is hypoglycemia life threatening?
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No. Hypoglycemia is the milder form
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What happens when a person has hypoglycemia?
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pancreas will oversecrete insulin, causing glucose to go down, which causes weakness and "giddery" feelings
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What will elevate the blood for a person suffering from hypoglycemia?
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cracker or candy, which will elevate the blood
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What happens after no glycogen is released (since its all gone)?
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exhaustion
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What is the rare form of hypoglycemia?
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spontaneous
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What causes spontaneous hypoglycemia?
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a tumor on pancreas
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What happens the blood during a spontaneous hypoglycemia episode?
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blood goes down and stays down
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How can spontaneous hypoglycemia be treated?
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by removing the tumor on the pancreas
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What is hyperglycemia?
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diabetes/high blood pressure
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What are the two types of diabetes?
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Juvenille and adult onset
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What happens during Juvenille-onset diabetes?
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the body stops making insulin, therefore the person becomes insulin dependent
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What are the treatments for Juvenille-onset diabetes?
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recieving insulin as needed
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What age group does Juvenille-onset diabetes target?
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young children/adolescences
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About how many percent of the population does Juvenille-onset diabetes affect?
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approximately 5%
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What is adult-onset diabetes caused by?
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excessive body fat
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What happens to a persons pancreas who is suffering from Adult-onset ?
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pancreases overscretes insulin
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How does being overweight relate with the release of insulin?
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more fat, more insulin released
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How is Adult-onset diabetes treated?
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when weight is loss
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Is type II (adult-onset diabetes) genetic?
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No, but weight is which correlates with diabetes
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Does a person with diabetes have a normal life span?
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yes, if the person takes care of themselves
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What is a myth about getting diabetes?
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Diabetes is the results of eating too much sugar
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What happens to a person suffering for type II diabetes if the weight is not loss?
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their conditions progress
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What are diabetics at risk for if their diabetes is uncontrolled?
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blindess, heart disease, stroke, peroferol vascular disease
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What causes a diabetic person to be at risk for further illnesses?
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prolonged high blood pressure
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