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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the pH in the stomach?
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pH 2
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What is the pH in the small intestine?
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pH 8
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What is digestion do to macromolecules?
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hydrolyze them into monomers
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Where does CH2O digestion and absorption take place?
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in the small intestine
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What is the central clearinghouse for nutrients?
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the liver
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In order to have absorption from gut into the blood what form of sugar should be present?
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monosaccharide
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What is needed for the transport of small molecules across the cell membranes?
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diffusion
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What are the different types of diffusion?
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simple diffusion
channel mediated carrier mediated |
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What are the three different class of carrier mediated transport?
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1. uniport
2. symport (one ion entering brngs along another one) 3. anteport- one ion entering causes another ion to leave |
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What is 'carrier-mediated' transport?
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a special membrane protein that helps molecules get across membrane.
It could either be passive (down concentration gradient/ no energy required) or active (against concentration gradient-ATP is needed) |
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What is pancreatic alpha-amaylase responsible for?
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most carbohydrate digestion (chops up glucose into pieces)
secreted by small intestine |
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What is pancreatic alpha-amaylase responsible for?
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most carbohydrate digestion (chops up glucose into pieces)
secreted by small intestine |
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What is pancreatic alpha-amaylase responsible for?
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most carbohydrate digestion (chops up glucose into pieces)
secreted by small intestine |
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What are di- and tri-saccharidease on surface of intestinal epithelial cells responsible for?
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complete digestion to monosaccarides
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What is pancreatic alpha-amaylase responsible for?
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most carbohydrate digestion (chops up glucose into pieces)
secreted by small intestine |
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What are di- and tri-saccharidease on surface of intestinal epithelial cells responsible for?
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complete digestion to monosaccarides
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What is sucrose?
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table sugar
made up of glucose and fructose can be absorbed into the blood [sucralose is artificial sugar that CANNOT be absorbed into the blood ] |
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What are di- and tri-saccharidease on surface of intestinal epithelial cells responsible for?
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complete digestion to monosaccarides
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What are di- and tri-saccharidease on surface of intestinal epithelial cells responsible for?
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complete digestion to monosaccarides
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What is sucrose?
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table sugar
made up of glucose and fructose can be absorbed into the blood [sucralose is artificial sugar that CANNOT be absorbed into the blood ] |
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What is sucrose?
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table sugar
made up of glucose and fructose can be absorbed into the blood [sucralose is artificial sugar that CANNOT be absorbed into the blood ] |
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What does the absorption of glucose from gut into blood require?
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ENERGY!!
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What is sucrose?
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table sugar
made up of glucose and fructose can be absorbed into the blood [sucralose is artificial sugar that CANNOT be absorbed into the blood ] |
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What does the absorption of glucose from gut into blood require?
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ENERGY!!
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What does the absorption of glucose from gut into blood require?
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ENERGY!!
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What are the steps of the absorption of glucose from gut into blood?
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1. Na+ in gut moves into epithelial cell down a [Na+] gradient; glucose enters with Na+ (symporter - passive)
. 2. Glucose moves from cell --->blood down a [glc] gradient (uniporter - passive) 3. “active transport” by Na+/K+-ATPase pumps Na+ out to maintain [Na+] gradient (Na+-K+ anteporter - needs ATP) |
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What does the absorption of glucose from gut into blood require?
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ENERGY!!
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What are the steps of the absorption of glucose from gut into blood?
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1. Na+ in gut moves into epithelial cell down a [Na+] gradient; glucose enters with Na+ (symporter - passive)
. 2. Glucose moves from cell --->blood down a [glc] gradient (uniporter - passive) 3. “active transport” by Na+/K+-ATPase pumps Na+ out to maintain [Na+] gradient (Na+-K+ anteporter - needs ATP) |
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What happens after glucose enters the blood?
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Dietary CH2O (glucose) is:
- used for energy [ox] in all tissues - gets stored as GLYCOGEN in LIVER & MUSCLE (glucose polymer) - gets made into FATTY ACIDS (liver & adipose) - then stored as TRIGLYCERIDES in ADIPOSE TISSUE (3 FA on glycerol) - some TG from dietary CH2O [ox] by tissues too |
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What are the steps of the absorption of glucose from gut into blood?
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1. Na+ in gut moves into epithelial cell down a [Na+] gradient; glucose enters with Na+ (symporter - passive)
. 2. Glucose moves from cell --->blood down a [glc] gradient (uniporter - passive) 3. “active transport” by Na+/K+-ATPase pumps Na+ out to maintain [Na+] gradient (Na+-K+ anteporter - needs ATP) |
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What are the steps of the absorption of glucose from gut into blood?
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1. Na+ in gut moves into epithelial cell down a [Na+] gradient; glucose enters with Na+ (symporter - passive)
. 2. Glucose moves from cell --->blood down a [glc] gradient (uniporter - passive) 3. “active transport” by Na+/K+-ATPase pumps Na+ out to maintain [Na+] gradient (Na+-K+ anteporter - needs ATP) |
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What happens after glucose enters the blood?
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Dietary CH2O (glucose) is:
- used for energy [ox] in all tissues - gets stored as GLYCOGEN in LIVER & MUSCLE (glucose polymer) - gets made into FATTY ACIDS (liver & adipose) - then stored as TRIGLYCERIDES in ADIPOSE TISSUE (3 FA on glycerol) - some TG from dietary CH2O [ox] by tissues too |
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What is does in mean to be lactose intolerant and who is affected by this most?
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An individual does not have the enzyme necessary to digest lactose.
Affects those of Asian and African decent |
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What happens after glucose enters the blood?
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Dietary CH2O (glucose) is:
- used for energy [ox] in all tissues - gets stored as GLYCOGEN in LIVER & MUSCLE (glucose polymer) - gets made into FATTY ACIDS (liver & adipose) - then stored as TRIGLYCERIDES in ADIPOSE TISSUE (3 FA on glycerol) - some TG from dietary CH2O [ox] by tissues too |
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What happens after glucose enters the blood?
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Dietary CH2O (glucose) is:
- used for energy [ox] in all tissues - gets stored as GLYCOGEN in LIVER & MUSCLE (glucose polymer) - gets made into FATTY ACIDS (liver & adipose) - then stored as TRIGLYCERIDES in ADIPOSE TISSUE (3 FA on glycerol) - some TG from dietary CH2O [ox] by tissues too |
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What is does in mean to be lactose intolerant and who is affected by this most?
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An individual does not have the enzyme necessary to digest lactose.
Affects those of Asian and African decent |
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Name some gassy foods.
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beans
soy sauce broccoli |
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What is does in mean to be lactose intolerant and who is affected by this most?
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An individual does not have the enzyme necessary to digest lactose.
Affects those of Asian and African decent |
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What is does in mean to be lactose intolerant and who is affected by this most?
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An individual does not have the enzyme necessary to digest lactose.
Affects those of Asian and African decent |
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Name some gassy foods.
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beans
soy sauce broccoli |
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Name some gassy foods.
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beans
soy sauce broccoli |
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Name some gassy foods.
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beans
soy sauce broccoli |
