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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the carbapenems
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Imipenem, Meropenem, Doripenem, Ertapenem
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Big drug interaction with carbapenems?
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Decrease serum concentration of valproic acid. Loss of seizure control
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Carbapenems should be given cautiously in patients with?
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Seizures
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Why is imipenem given with cilistatin?
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Cilistatin inhibits renal enzyme that hydrolyzes imipenem
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Meropenem commonly used in?>
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Meningitis in children > 3 months
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What is unique about Ertapenem?
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Does not cover P. aureginosa
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Aztreonam
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excellent P. aeruginosa coverage
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Aztreonam A/E's?
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rash, platelet abnormalities
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Penicillin Allergy?
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No penicillins, carbapenems (10% cross reactivity), cephalosporins 5-7%, and Aztreonam very low risk
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Vancomycin A/E
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reversible neutropenia/thrombocytopenia
Red-man syndrome Ototoxic, nephrotoxic |
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Lipoglycopeptide ABs?
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Telavancin, Dalbavancin
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Lipoglycopeptide coverage?
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Gram + including MRSA, VISA, VRSA
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Telavancin
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Renal adj required
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Aminoglycosides A/E
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nephro/ototoxic
Muscular blocker (do not give in myasthenia gravis!) |
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Aminoglycoside clearance
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renal adj
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FQ coverage?
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Gram + and -
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FQ Drug interactions?
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QT prolongation, Increase INR, decrease absorption with metal cations (iron, zinc, Al, Mg), increases theophylline
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FQ A/Rs?
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GI, tendon rupture, hypoglycemia, photosensitivity, AVOID in pregnancy and children < 18 (cartilage growth retardation)
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Cipro
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Ps. Aeuro coverage, does not penetrate lungs
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Levo
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No anaerobic coverage
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Moxifloxacin
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Good anaerobic coverage, NO Ps. aeruginosa coverage
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FAQ elimination
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renal adj
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Bactrim DS A/E?
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Sulfa allergy, renal crystallization, increases INR, thrombocytopenia, megablastic anemia, pregnancy at TERM
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Bactrim elimination?
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renal and hepatic, dose adj renally
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Bactrim Adj Dosing
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CrCl <30, give half of dose, <15, AVOID
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Bactrim coverage
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Gram +/- ,MRSA
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Clindamycin elimination
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HEPATIC
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Clindamycin MOA
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Static, binds to 50s => inhibits protein synthesis
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Clindamycin coverage
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Gram +/anaerobes
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Flagyl S/E
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metallic taste, darken urine, increase INR, disulfiram like reaction (no EtOH)
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Clindamycin coverage
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excellent anaerobe coverage
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Flagyl coverage
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good anaerobe coverage/protozoans
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Flagyl elimination?
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hepatic, no renal adj
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Macrolide elimination?
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hepatic, no renal adj
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Macrolide A/Es?
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GI, tinnitus/ototox, reversible jaundice, QT prolongation
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Macrolide D/Is?
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increase toxic effects of carbamazepine, cyclosporine, wafarin, dig, prednisone, thephylline, statins, QT drugs
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Tetracycline CSF penetration?
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Poor
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Tetracycline A/Es?
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calcium binder (stains teeth, retarded bone growth), GI, photosensitivity
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Tetracycline facts
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Take on empty stomach, AVOID in pregnancy
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Doxycycline facts
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Take with food, AVOID in pregnancy
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Doxycycline elimination?
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independant of renal and hepatic
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Doxycycline CSF penetration?
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GOOD
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Tetracycline effect
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antianabolic (not seen with doxy)
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Minocycline effect
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antianabolic (not seen with doxy)
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Minocycline CSF penetration?
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GOOD
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Minocycline fact
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take with food, causes dizziness
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linezolid A/Rs
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leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuropathy, MAO-I, lactic acidosis
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Linezolid coverage
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Gram +
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Linezolid dose adjustment
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none needed for mild to moderate hepatic/renal
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Daptomycin A/Rs
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CPK elevation (skeletal muscle myopathy), rash,N/V/D, eosinophilic PNA
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Daptomycin indication
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MRSA, VRE, Right-sided endocarditis
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Daptomycin dosing
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Q 48 hrs if CrCl <30
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Tigecycline A/Rs
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N/V/D, pancreatitis, photosensitivity, teeth staining
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Tigecycline coverage
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G +/- and anerobes. MRSA, NOT Ps. aeruginosa
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Tigecycline dosing
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25 mg Q 12 hr for hepatic dysfunction
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Synercid A/R
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N/V/D, rash, thrombophlebitis (use central line), big CYP3A4 inhibitor
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Synercid dosing
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adjust for hepatic
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Synercid uses
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SSTI of MSSA or Gp A strep, and VRE
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Telithromycin A/Rs
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QT, hepatic dysfunction, avoid with statins, visual disturbances, syncope,
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Telithromycin dosing
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400 mg QD for CrCl <30
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Telithromycin usage
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Respiratory (G +/- and atypicals)
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