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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is candida found as normal flora and what population of people are generally infected?
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Candida is found on nearly every mucosal surface in the body and it becomes infectious only in the immunocompromised
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What are the two most medically important species of candida?
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C. albicans and C. glabrata
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Which of the two common candida species is harder to treat and why?
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C. glabrata is more resistant to azoles and amphotericin B than C. albicans
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Describe the life cycle of candida albicans
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Candida can exist as both a yeast and a hyphael form in humans depending on the nutrients and temperature at its location
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What is the most invasive morphology of candida?
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The hyphael form
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Describe the germ tube formation procedure
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Unknown yeast cells are incubated in serum at 37C, and if they grorw hyphae, they are probably candida albicans
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What are the most commonly colonized sites for candida?
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Intestinal tract, oropharnygeal tract, vagina, and sometimes skin
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Describe the most common mode of transmission for Candida
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It is most often initiated from the normal flora that become invasive due to immunodeficiency
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What are the most common clinical syndromes associated with candida infection?
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1) oropharyngeal infections 2) skin and nail 3)Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (4) urogenital (5) gastrointestinal (6) invasive/systemic
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What is thrush?
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Candida infection that shows a cream colored curd-like white patches on the inner cheeks, gums, tongue, and palate
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In what population of patients is thrush seen?
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AIDS, neutropenic, freuquent users of broad spectrum antibiotics, first year of life
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What is onychomycosis?
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Nail infection that can be caused by candida (5%)
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What is chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis?
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A group of candida infections that are persistant and resistant to treatment that lead to disfiguring lesions; associated with genetic immunodeficiency
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Name and describe the infection of the vagina caused by candida
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Vulvovaginitis; thick, curd-like vaginal discharge and dysuria
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What is balanitis?
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Rash and itchiness of the penis with lesions and white patches; spreads to surrounding areas
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What types of urinary infections can be caused by candida?
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vulvovaginitis, balanitis, and cystitis, pylonephritis
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With what are candida infections of the GI tract associated?
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Neoplasms
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What are 7 common sites of invasive/systemcic candidiasis?
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candidemia, hepatosplenic, pneumonia, endocarditis, renal candidiasis, endophthalmitis, and arthritis/osteomyelitis
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