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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what two cancer drugs cause pulmonary fibrosis?
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busulfan, bleomycin (the B's)
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Dactinomycin is used for :
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Wilms tumor, ewings sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma
Children's tumors- children ACT out |
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What drug inhibits Ribonycleotide reductase?
What phase specific is this drug? |
Hydroxyurea
S phase bc decreases DNA Synthesis |
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What enzyme does Etoposide (VP-16) inhibit?
What cell cycle does it inhibit? What cancer is is used for? |
topo II
G2 (increases DNA degradation) GU (testicular- CEB, prostate), small cc lung |
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What is the mechanism of prednisone?
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may trigger apoptosis and even work on nondividing cells
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what is the most commonly used glucocorticoid in cancer chemo?
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Prednisone
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Cushings, immunosuppression, cataracts, acne, osetoporosis, HT, peptic ulcers, hyperglycemia, psychosis are side effects of:
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prednisone
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what drug causes cardiotox?
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doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
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What are the alkylating agents?
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cyclophosphamide/ifosfamide, nitrosurea*, dacarbazine/procarbamazine, chlorambucil, cisplatin/carboplatin*, bisulfan
*nitrosurea & platinums are subclasses of alkylating agents |
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What drug causes otoxicity, neuropathy, and renal damage?
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Cisplatin
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What are the main side effects of alkylating agents?
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BONE MARROW SUPRRESSION, nausea/vomiting due to GI cell sloughing, alopecia, sterility
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What alkylating agents must be activated by liver CYP450? (2)
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cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine
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What drug is associated with hemorraghic cystitis due to a toxic metabolite (acrolein)?
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cyclophosphamide
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What drug causes only mild BM tox but instead causes renal failure, ototox, peripheral neuropathy, and severe vomiting?
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CISPLATIN!
carboplatin has more BM but less other side effects |
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What drug causes neuropathy worsened by cold?
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oxyplatin
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What drug causes dose related cardiotox leading to dilated cardiomyopathy?
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doxyrubicin (adriamycin)
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What drug causes pulmonary fibrosis but minimal BM tox?
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bleomycin
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what are the antimetabolites?
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methotrexate, purine analogs (mercaptopurine, fludarabine, cladribine, hydroxyurea) and pyrimidine analogs (5-FU, cytarabine)
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What is the overall action of antimetabolites?
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block DNA synthesis during S phase
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Leukovorin (folinic acid)is used for:
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tissue rescue after administration of methotrexate. given to save slowly replicating, healthy tissue.
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What drug is a folic acid anaolog that binds to and inhibits dihydrofolate reductase?
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methotrexate
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What drug is associated with macrovesicular fatty change that can ultimately lead to hepatic fibrosis?
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methotrexate
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What NON-caner uses is methotrexate an indication for?
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rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, abortion, removal of ectopic pregnancy,
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What enzyme metabolizes mercaptopurine and what drug inhibits that enzyme?
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xanthine oxidase
allopurinol |
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what drug is ideal for chronic meintenance therapy to maintain normal cell counts in lymphoproliferative diseases?
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hydroxyurea
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what Drug is a prodrug converted intracellularly to an analog that blocks thymidylate synthase?
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5-FU
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What drug is chiefly used for adenocarcinomas?
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5-FU
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What two antimetabolites are synergistic?
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5-FU & methotrexate bc block different pathways of thymine synthesis
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What drug class is M phase specific and works by blocking the mitotic spindle?
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vinca alkaloids- vincristine/vinblastine
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This vinca alkaloid causes peripheral neuropathy
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Vincristine
"Christ you're getting on my nerves" |
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This vinca alkaloid causes BM suppression with neurotox being unusual.
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vinblastine
"BLASTS your BM" |
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What drugs act by promoting MT assembly and inhibiting MT diassebly?
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taxanes
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What is the major tox and use of taxanes?
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BM suppression
breast/ovary |
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What drug is useful as prophylaxis and for reducing risk or reoccurence of breast cancer?
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Tamoxifen
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ATRA leads to differentiation of what cancer cells?
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M3 sublcass of AML- APL
M3, AML, APL, DIC |
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DIC is associated with the use of what chemo agent?
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ATRA
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used for NH lymphoma, breast, ovarian, immunosuppressant
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cyclophosphamide
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brain tumors bc cross CNS
TED KENNEDY |
nitrosurea
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lymphoma. can produce secondary tumors. needs p450 activation
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dacarbazine
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testicular, bladder, ovary, lung carcinoma
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platinums
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CML & causes pulmonary fibrosis
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bisulfan
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part of ABVD for Hodgkins, myeloma, sarcoma, solid tumor(breast, ovary, lung)
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adriamycin
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testicular cancer, lymphoma (ABVD for hodgkins)
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bleomycin
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melanoma, CML, sickle cell disease
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hydroxyurea
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CLL, hodgkins (MOPP), immunosuppressant
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prednisone
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metastatic breast cancer
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Herceptin (trastuzumab)
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CML, TK inhibitor
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Imatinib (Gleevec)
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MOPP for lymphoma, Wilms tumor, choriocarcinoma
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vinca's
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ovarian & breast carcinomas
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taxanes
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