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129 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mitoxantrone belongs to what class of drugs?
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Anthracycline analog antibiotic
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What drug has AE's as stomatitis, cardiac toxicity and lekopenia?
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Mitoxantrone
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What is Mitoxantrone indicated for?
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Refractory acute leukemia in peds and adults, Non-hodgkins and breast cancer
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Dactinomycin AE's?
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oral ulcers and diarrhea
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Dactinomycin indications?
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Combo with surgery with Vincristine in tx of Wilm's tumor and combo with methotrexate for gestational choreocarcinoma
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What drugs causes irritation to the tissues, so adminstration of normal saline is to prevent flushing and to wash out veins?
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Dactinomycin
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Patient while on this drug shouldn't revceive live virus vaccines?
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Dactinomycin
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Normally combined with other drugs to enhance Ca2+ excretion?
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Plicamycin
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Isolated from streptomyces plicatus?
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Plicamycin
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Isolated from streptomyces caespitosos?
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Mitomycin C
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AE's of Plicamycin
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Thrombocytopenia, leucopenia bleeding, liver toxicity
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Indication of Mitomycin C?
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Combo with vincristine and bleomycin for squamous cell carcinoma of cervix, adenocarcinoma of stomach, pancrease and lung with doxorubicin and fluorouracil
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AE's of Mitomycin C?
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anorexia
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Bleomycin indication
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Combo with Vinblastine and Cisplatin for testicular cancer
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Isolated from streptomycin verticillus?
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Bleomycin
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AE's of Bleomycin
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anayphylactoid rxns and high incidence of fever, anorexia, blistering, huperkeratosis of the palms, pulmonary fibrosis with older pts which can be fatal
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This antibiotic is often given with other meds b/c it lacks myleosuppressive effects
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Bleomycin
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Toremifene belongs to which class?
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SERM
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Which drug is a selective pure antagonist approved for metastatic breast cancer?
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Fulvestrant
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Flutamide belongs to which class?
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SERD
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Cyproterone belongs to which class?
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SERD
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Megastrol belongs to which class?
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SERD
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Niutamide belongs to which class?
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SERD
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Bicalutamide belongs to which class?
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SERD
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SERD are indicated for?
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Prostrate or testicular cancer, but Fluvestrant is for metastatic breast cancer
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Formestan belongs to which class?
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aromatase inhibitors(2nd generation)
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Fadrazole belongs to which class?
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aromatase inhibitors(2nd generation)
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Reglitimide belongs to which class?
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aromatase inhibitors(2nd generation)
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Anastrazole belongs to which class?
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aromatase inhibitors(3rd gen)
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Letrozole belong to?
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aromatase inhibitors(3rd gen)
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Exemestane belongs to which class?
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aromatase inhibitors(3rd gen)
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3rd generation aromatase inhibitors don't block what enzyme?
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20-22-desmolase
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Leuprolide belongs to?
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aromatase inhibitors
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Goserline belongs to?
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aromatase inhibitors
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Leuprolide and Goserline indication
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prostrate and breast cancer
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Glucocorticoids belong to which class?
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aromatase inhibitors
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glucocorticoid indication
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acute leukemia, advanced breast cancer, supporting hypercalcemia therapy
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AE's of corticosteroids
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regression of lymph nodes and inhibition of growth of certain mesenchymal tissue, dissolution of lymphocyytes
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Tamoxifen acts as an agonist where and antagonist where?
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antagonist: ovary and breast tissue
agonist: cervix, bone and uterus tissue |
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Asparaginase turns aspartic acid into?
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ammonia which results in inhibition of protein synthesis in cancer cells
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Asparaginase indication
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childhood acute leukemia
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Hydroxyurea indication
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melanoma and chronic myelogenous leukemia as a secondary drug
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Hydroxyurea inhibits what enzyme?
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ribonucleotide reductase and exerts its effects in the S-phase(CCS drug)
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AE's of hydroxyurea
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diarrhea, high dosesmegaloblastosis unresponsive to vit B12 or folic acid
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13-Cis-Retinoic acid(Isotretinoin) indication
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chemopreventive agent for primary tumor in pts with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
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Radioactive isotopes can cause and tx cancer? T or F
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True
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Radioactive iodine 131 is used for tx of what?
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Thyroid tumors
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Aresenic Trioxide indication
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relapsed APL(leukemia), causes cancer too
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Imatinib belongs to which class?
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tyrosine kinase inhibitor
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Thalodimide belongs to which class?
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tyrosine kinase inhibitor
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Erlotinib indication
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non-small cell lung cancer
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Erlotinib MOA
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HER1/EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor
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Thalodimide indication
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Multiple Myeloma, but antiangiogenic, leprosy and immunomodulator effects are seen as well
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MOA of Thalodimide
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1. increase T-cell production of cytokines, IL-2, IFN-y and NK cells
2. decreased angiogenesis 3. G1 phase arrest and apoptosis 4. inhibition of adhesion to bone marrow |
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Estramustine belongs to which class?
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Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
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Bortezonib indication
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Multiple Myeloma
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Zoledronic acid indication
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Multiple myeloma and boney metestases
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VGEF stands for?
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vascular endothelial growth factor
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bFGF stands for?
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basic fibroblast growth factor
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Trastuzumab belongs to which class?
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Monoclonal antibodies
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Bevacizumab belongs to which class?
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Monoclonal antibodies
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Trastuzumab indication?
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Breast cancer
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MOA of Trastuzumab
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ADDC, apoptosis, inhibition of HER2 signaling with G1 phase arrest
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Trastuzumab AE's
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cardomyopathy, infusion related toxicity
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Bevacizumab MOA
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inhibition of angiogenesis(VGEF inhibitor)
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Bevacizumab AE's
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HTN, pulmonary hemmorrhage, GI perforation, proteinuria, CHF
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Bevacizumab indication
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colorectal cancer
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CD25 marker
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leukemia
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CD30
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Hodgkins
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CD-125 marker
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Ovarian cancer
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CD19-9
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Breast, colon and pancreatic cancer
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Carinembryonic antigen(CEA)
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breast, colon, pancreatic, lung, ovary
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Alphfetoprotein(AFA) antigen marker
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gonadal germ cell tumor and hepatocellular antigen
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MDR1 expression in cancer cells means:
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the P-glycoprotein mediates the efflux pump to pump out the anticancer drug
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Loss of p53 function leads to:
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resistance to radiation therapy and wide variety of anticancer drugs
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MRP requires what for excretion of the drug?
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Glutathione
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Mechlorethamine belongs to?
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Cycophosphamide in major alkylating agents
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Chlorambuil belongs to which class?
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Cycophosphamide in major alkylating agents
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Melphalan belongs to which class?
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Cycophosphamide in major alkylating agents
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Ifosfamide belongs to which class of drugs?
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Cycophosphamide in major alkylating agents
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Carmustine belongs to?
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Nitrosoureas in major alkylating agents
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Lomustine belongs to which drug class?
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Nitrosoureas in major alkylating agents
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Semustine belongs to which drug class?
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Nitrosoureas in major alkylating agents
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Thiotepa belongs to?
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Aziridines in major alkylating agents
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Trethlenemelamine belongs to?
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Aziridines in major alkylating agents
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Busulfan belongs to which drug class?
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Alkylsulfonate in major alkylating agents
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Which two groups of alkylating agents require biotransformation for anticancer activity?
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Cyclophosphamides and Nitrosoureas
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What class does procarbazine belong to?
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atypical alkylating agents
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Procarbazine tx?
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Hodgkin's and leukemia
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AE of Procarbazine
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hemolytic anemia and pulmonary rxns, disulfiram like effects with alcohol, skin rash with phenytoin
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Dacarbazine indication
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melanoma, Hogdkin's and sarcomas
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MOA of dacarbazine
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diazomethane generates a methyl carbonium ion that is supposed to be responsible for cytotoxic effects
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Bendamustine belongs to which class?
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atypical alkylating agent
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Altretamine belongs to which class?
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atypical alkylating agents
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altretamine indication
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ovarian cancer
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AE's of Altretamine
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central and periphermal neuropathies, flu like syndrome
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Cisplatin indication
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genitourinurinay, ovarian, testicular, bladder cancer
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AE of Cisplatin
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renal and nerve dysfunction, nephrotoxicity
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Methotrexate indication
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psoriasis, immunosuppresant and antiarthritic drugs
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MOA of methotrexate
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inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and depletes levels of FH4
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When a patient develops anemia or folate deficiency, give what for rescue therapy?
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folimic acid
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Pemetrexed belongs to which class?
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folate antagonist
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Trimetraxate belongs to which class?
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folate antagonist
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Mecaptopurine belongs to which class?
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Purine antagonist
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Thioguanine class?
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purine antagonist
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Fludarabine phosphate class?
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purine antagonist
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Pentostatin class?
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purine antagonist
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Cladribine class and MOA
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purine antagonist, causes DNA strand breaks
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Mercaptopurine is often given with this drug to enhance its MOA?
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Allopurinol
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Combination with Fludarabine causes fatal pulmonary toxicity?
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Pentostatin
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Vinblastine indication
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Hodgkins and lymphomas
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Vincristine indication
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remission of acute leukemia in combo w/ prednisone in children and rapid proliferating cancer
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Vincristine and Vinblastine are derived from which plant?
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Periwinkle plant, vinca rosea
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AE of Vincristine
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neurotoxicity
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MOA of mecaptopurine
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6-thio analogs converted by HGPRT into active metabolites 6-thioguanosine-5-phosphate and 6-thioinosine-5-phosphate, these metabolites are nucleotides and produce cytotoxic effects
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Fludarabine phosphate MOA
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tri phosphate inhibits DNA polymerase and ribonucleotide reductase
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Pentostatin MOA
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inhibits ribonucleotide reductase
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5-FU MOA
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directly inhibits thymidylate synthase
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Capcitabine class
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pyrimidine antagonist
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Cytarabine class
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pyrimidine antagonist
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Gemcitabine class
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pyrimidine antagonist
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Azacitidine class
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pyrimidine antagonist
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Capcitabine is a prodrug? T or F
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True, hydrolyzed by thymidine phospharylase to 5-FU
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Which drugs occur in the S phase
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purine, pyrimidine and folate antagonists
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Gemcitabine MOA
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diphosphate inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and triphosphate inhibits DNA polymerase-alpha and DNA polymerase-B
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Azacitidine MOA
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inhibits orotidylate decarbosylase
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What drug should be kept out of light?
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Azacitidine(pyrimidine antagonist)
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Anthracyclines are given with?
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antioxidants
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Anthracyclines MOA
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1. binding to the DNA through intercalation blocking the DNA and RNA synthesis and DNA strand scission through effects on topoisomerase II
2. Binding to the membrane to alter fluidity and ion transport 3. generation of free radical and O2 free radicals through enzyme mediated reductive process |
