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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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methotrexate mechanism
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inhibits dihydrofolate reducatse
folic acid analog |
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which antibiotic is MTX most like?
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trimethoprim
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toxicities of MTX (3) and which drug do you use to suppress one of the toxicities?
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myelosuppression (reversibe by leucovorin)
hepatortoxicity methotrexate lung |
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used topically for actinic keratosis and basal cell cancers
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5-FU
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mechanism for 5FU
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inhibits thymidylate synthase
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is myelosuppresion from 5FU reversible with leucovorin?
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NO!
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is myelosuppresion from MTX reversible with leucovorin?
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YES!
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6-MP mechanism
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blocks de novo purine synthesis by inhibiting PRPP synthase
activated by HGPRTase |
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what is the prodrug of 6MP?
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azathioprine
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which drug is allopurinol toxic with and why?
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6-mp- because 6-mp is metabolized by XO ----allopruinol inhibits XO
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mechanism of cytarabine (ara-C)
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inhibits DNA polymerase
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which antimicrobial drugs work like cytarabine?
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acyclovir and rifampin
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mechanism of cyclophosphamide?
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alkylating agent- covalently linking DNA at N7
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major side effects of cyclophosphamide? (2)
which metabolite causes it? |
hemorrhagic cystitis, transitional cell carcinoma
acroein |
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mechanism of nitrosoureas?
major clinical use? |
alkylate DNA
brain cancer |
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toxicities of nitrosoureas? why?
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CNS toxicities, dizziness, ataxia,
is able to cross the BBB |
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mechanism of cisplatin?
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cross links DNA
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clinical use of cisplatin (4) and major side effect?
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testicular, bladder, ovary, lung CA
nephrotoxicity |
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mechanism of busulfan, major use and major toxicity?
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alkylates DNA
CML pulmonary fibrosis |
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mechanism of doxorubicin and daunorubicin?
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generation of free radicals and non-covalently intercalating DNA (creating breaks in DNA)
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major side effect of doxorubicin?
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cardiotoxicity
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machanism of dactinomycin? major group of tumors targeted?
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intercalates in DNA
childhood tumors: wilms', ewing's, rhabdomyosarcoma |
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mechanism of bleomycin?
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formation of free radicals, causes breaks in DNA
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major use for bleomycin and major SE?
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ball cancer, pulmonary fibrosis
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which drug inhibits ribonicleotide reductase?
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hydroxyurea
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mechanism of etoposide?
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inhibits topoisomerase II and increase DNA degradation
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side effects of prednisone: know ALL 10
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cushing like symptoms
immunosuppression caratacts acne hyperglycemia insomnia psychosis HTN osteoporosis peptic ulcers |
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how can prednisone be used to treat cancer?
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it can induce apoptosis
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name two SERMs
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tamoxifen and raloxifene
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which type of cancer would you use a SERM?
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estrogen receptor positive ca
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SE of tamoxifen? does raloxifen share this SE?
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may increase the risk of endometrial CA
no- raloxifen is an endometrial antagonist. |
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which type of ca could you use trastuzumab?
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HER-2 receptor positive breast ca, its a monoclonal ab
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which drugs can you use for CML?
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imatinib (gleevec)
busulfam |
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mechanism of imatinib
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tyrosine kinase inhibitor of bcr-abl Phila chromosome
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which drugs inhibit the formation of microtubules?
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vincristine/vinblastine
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which drugs inhibit the breakdown of microtubules?
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taxols- like paclitaxel
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major SE of vincristine/blastine?
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peripheral neuropathy
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which cancers use vincristine?
3 |
choriocarcinoma, wilms', Hodgkins
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alkylates DNA with pulmonary fibrosis
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busulfan
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fragments DNA with pulmonary fibrosis
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bleomycin
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which drug is nitrogen mustard?
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cyclophosphamide
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which antimicrobial drug has a mechanism similar to etoposide?
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fluoroquinolones
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which three drugs induce free radical damage of DNA
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bleo, doxo, danuo
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treatment for AML (1)
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cytaraban
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