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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Population of America's before European Contact
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from 30 million to 100 million
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What was the average pop. of Canada?
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Between 500 000 and 2 million. discrepancy is owed to different accounts from euro and native
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How many language groups did the First Peoples have?
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12
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What were the " mourning wars"?
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Used by the Iroquoians the " mourning wars" were designed to capture members of other groups who could replace young people who had died prematurely.
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What Tribe inhabited the northern half of the north american continent including the Atlantic and Gulf regions?
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The Algonkian- speaking Cultures
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What were the three groups that made up the Algonkian peoples of the coast?
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The Mi'kmaq, the Beothuk and the Maliseet
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List as many traits of the Beothuk as you can
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-they depended on the caribou
-used marine resources(such as seals) -Used birchbark canoes - Because they pained themselfs with red ochre and were the first people to meet the Europeans are believed to be the base of the term "red skinned Indians" or "red Indians" |
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List as many traits of the Mi'kmaq as you can
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- Believe in a less deity, Glooscap who predicted the coming of the Europeans
-Lived over a large area including present day Nova Scotia PEI and New Brunswick -Very well adjusted evident by the lack of change in their society over time - |
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List as many traits of the Maliseet as you can
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-At the time of contact they had begun to cultivate corn and pumkins
-Liven in the southern region of New Brunswick -Lived in oval "pit houses" |
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Who were the First Nations of the Canadian Shield?
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The Algonkian people also inhabited the Canadian shield (as well as the Atlantic and gulf regions)
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Name 3 of the nations of the Shield
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Innu, the ojibwa, The Cree, The Nipissing, and the Algonquin
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List 3 facts about the innu
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- Hunted Caribou
-Lived in a society of rough equality -Women and men became shamans -Ridicule rather than corporal punishment was used as discipline |
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List 3 facts about the ojibwa
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-Lived on the northern shores of Lake Huron and Lake Superior
-Built permanent homes -Sex-segregated -Most shamans were male |
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List three facts about the midewiwin or Grand Medicine Society
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-Played a key role in ojibwa medical practices
-They and the ojibwa are believed to be related -their bands would join forces for war and they never wared within the society only ojibwa against ____ -Intermarage in their comunities was common |
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The Cree (part of Algonkian) list three facts about them
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-Some bands lived west of lake winipeg
-They had no concept of land ownership -More nomadic following food -believed in the importance of fasts and dreams |
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List three facts about the Blackfoot
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-Part of the algonkian nations
-But due to long seperation their language was diffrent -Very militant -captured women as slaved killed men -Patriarcal -Believed in the sundance |
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Name the tribes of the Iroquoian nations
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iroquoians, huron, petun and neutral
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Were the Iroquoian societys matrilineal or patrilineal?
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Matrilineal
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The Five Nation Confederacy was made of what groups
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The mohawks onondaga seneca and cayuga
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Who original made the Five Nation Confederacy
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Chief Dekanawidah and his associate Hiawatha
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Athapaskans lives where
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In the north now called the inuit
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What were the ancestors of the inuit called
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The thule people
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When did the European exploration and settlement of the americas take place
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1500 - 1700
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What was the land ownership system used in france between 900 and 1400
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The Feudal system
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When did the black death ravage Europe
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1348-1349
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Name some of the desieses in france
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diphtheria typhoid fever small pox whooping cough and tuberculosis sweating sickness
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When did the 30 years' war occur
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1618-1648
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How many lives did the 30 years' war claim
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350000
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What was the nation state
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A matriarcal society where nobels and petty princes enjoyed the same power or more than the monarchs
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In france the war with the huguenots over religion last over what years
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1562-1598
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Why were only cathlolics aloud to settle in french colonies
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Royal orders due to religious strife in france
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Who was Nicolaus Copernicus
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He was the first person in 1543 to sugest the sun was the center of the universe not earth
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When was the first teliscope built
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1609
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Who was the leader in the European expansion
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Portugal
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When did portuguese vessels reach the Gulf of guinea
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1440
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Who sailed around the Cape of Good Hope (He was portugal)
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Bartolomeu Diaz did in 1487
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Hernando Cortes conquered mexico when
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1519-1521
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John Cabot is hail as canada's what?
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Columbus He "discovered" Newfoundland in 1497
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When was the spanish armada defeated
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1588
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Who was given the african slave monopoly by britian
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The British Royal African Comp. founded in 1663
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Who origianaly coloniezed Massachusetts in 1620
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The Puritans
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When was the hudson river discovered
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1609
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Who employed henery hudsom
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The dutch East India trading company
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When did england take control of the hudson area
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1664
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How did Cabot raise intrest in the americas
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By boasting in of its massive cod fisheries
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What was canada's largest output even up to 1760
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Cod/fish
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What took over as the main export after fish?
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Fur due to its highened status in fashon
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When was the hight of the whaleing industry
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1540-1580
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Who where the basques
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the main whaling company
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Between 1610 and 1630 Britian tried to make settlements in Canada most failed disscuss these settlements
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- 1610 Bristol Bay company made a settlement in Cupid's cove in Conception Bay. Designed to serve as a base for the fisheries and fur trade with the natives.John Guy brought 39 men and 12 women. However the settlement was plagued by pirates nothing would grow and the indians didnt want to help. this led to its demise in 1620's
-Lord baltimore tried to make a settlemt at aquaforte in 1620 called ferryland very good till scurvy winter of 1628-29 force calvert to withdraw |
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What settlement did Calvert make after ferryland? What was the outcome
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Marryland this colony was forceable seized by David Kirke in 1639
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Who was david kirke what colony was he tied to and what happened to it
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Kirke took marry land from calvert however it was destroyed by the dutch in1673
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Who was at war with the english from 1672-1674
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The Dutch
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Who was Jacques Cartier who did he work for and what was his goal
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Cartier was a french explorer he was hired in 1534 by Francis1 to find and claim gold in upper america he under took 3 voyages between 1534 and 1541 he found only fools gold :(
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How did Cartier treat natives
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Verry poorly he was very biast and on kidnapped and lied to locals (danacona a cheif )
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Who did cartier work for after the king
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Jean Roberval
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What did Roberval what in canada why and when
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He wanted to make a perminant settlement near stadacona between 1542 and 43
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Acadia was funded when by who
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In 1604 by de monts
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Who accompanied De Monts in the effort to make arcadia
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Champlain
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What happened in 1607 to de Monts
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He lost his monopoly
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Who took over port royal after de Monts?
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Biencourt who died in 1623
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After Arcadia and Port Royal what did de Monts and Champlain do
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The took their attention to the st lawrence for the fur trade
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When was Quebec funded
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1608
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Who was in charge of quebec
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Champlain he picked the site and invested time and his money(from the dowery he recieved for marrying a 12 year old girl) into the settlement
he was also the one who agreed to go to war with the five nations in1609 to gain good will with other natives |
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Who were the Recollets
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They were a religious group who began in 1615 they believed that the natives had to be "euroized" in order to be christianized
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Who were the Jesuits
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A religious group who arived in Quebec in 1625 supossedly to help the recollets but really to replace them as the main religous force in the americas
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In 1627 Champlain recieved help with quebec from who
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France in the form of the company of 100 associates
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Name the two french colonies David Kirke took and who he took them from
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Marryland from calvet and Quebec from champlain
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After Arcadia was taken by the english around 1627 when was it given back? how and why
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It was given back in 1632 by the treaty of st.Germain en Laye over a dowey of frances sister married to england when the dowery was given the land was given
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Who was Marie l'Incarnation
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a nun of the ursuline order who came to new france to convert native make hospitals and schools and such
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